31. 说话者如何评述人类口语?
Passage Three
篇章结构
此篇讲的是商务工作中对员工的激励机制。主要内容为公司对员工的激励机制并非是人们通常以为的工资或者工作环境,而是工作中的挑战。
词汇点拨
challenging a. 挑战性的;logical a. 合理的;manually ad. 手动地;identify v. 认同;tedious a. 单调的,沉闷的
话题词汇
arbitrarily ad. 专横地
mechanical a. 机械的
robotics n. 机器人学
by definition 当然
job security 职业安全感
labor relations 劳资关系
难句解析
1. It’s logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers.
【解析】此句结构是由转折连词but引导的两个分句。前面一个分句中,it做形式主语,后面的不定式to suppose是真正主语。That引导宾语从句,介词like以及其引导内容做things的后置定语。后面一个分句中,one expert 与Frederick Herzberg为同位语,that后引导宾语从句。
2. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.
【解析】本句主句为there be 句型,常见的短语with the development of作时间状语,意为“随着……的发展”。jobs和people为表语,三个并列形容词boring, repetitive 和 mechanical一起修饰jobs,who引导的定语从句修饰先行词unskilled people
试题详解
32. A) Job security. A) 职业安全感。
B) Good labor relations. B) 愉快的劳资关系。
C) Challenging work. C) 挑战性的工作。
D) Attractive wages and benefits. D) 有吸引力的工资和利益。
【听音指导】预览选项中的关键词job security,labor relation,work,和wages and benefits可知,此篇短文主旨与工作有关,可初步推测与人们对工作的满足感有关。
【正确项分析】此题问的是主题,到底什么可以真正激励员工好好工作呢。原文Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility,连接词in contrast附近出现了答案,意为起到激励作用的东西包括工作的挑战性和趣味性,以及工作中需承担的责任即最终获得的认可。所以选选项C,即挑战性的工作。
【干扰项分析】原文首句虽谈及选项A、B、D各项内容,但是but转折后全盘否定but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers。故可全部排除。
33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually. A) 许多单调工作继续由手工做。
B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs. B) 越来越多的非技术工人将失业。
C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs. C) 电脑将改变很多工作性质。
D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable. D) 无聊的工作将变得快乐。
【听音指导】从选项内容可知,本题考查的是工作的性质,应注意关键提示词—tedious,unskilled and lose job,computer和boring and enjoyable。
【正确项分析】此题问到作者对电脑信息时代总结了什么。从原文中However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there’re always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.,连接词however后出现了答案。意为,尽管电脑和机器人技术不断发展,还是存在无聊的、重复的、机械性的工作,需要人力完成,对应到正确答案A选项中的tedious以及manually。