八大考点词：

　　1.并列递进：(段落开头出现这些词，可以判断出这一段以及上一段的主要内容)

　　not only but also

　　further

　　then

　　next

　　subsequent

　　firstly…..

　　an alternative to this notion is … 对......的替换

　　2.对比转折

　　转折：On the other hand，however, but, nevertheless, nonetheless,

　　让步词：(中文是虽然+但是， 英文中只有一个)

　　despite, inspite of, although, though, albeit, even if, even though

　　by contrast, by comparison

　　3.相似不同

　　相同: similar, alike, as, resemble, identical

　　不同：different, distinguished, unique, distinctive,unlike,

　　阻止......的大规模消失=实现多样性：species diversity,linguistic variety, 万花筒：kaleidoscope ，multiplicity 多样性, multifaceted 多面性

　　我们要拯救语言，不让其消失。

　　we should save the languages.

　　we should prevent languages from extinction.

　　We should achieve the linguistic diversity.

　　段落开头出现下列词汇，表示解决方案：

　　Initiative, solution, suggestion=proposal, way=approaches=method, find the access to the answers/solutions,

　　4.序列词

　　开始：start, begin, initial=initiate=initiation, unfold, commencement, carry out

　　暂停：stop, pause, balk at, cease, turn off,

　　继续：continue, go on, move on, carry on, subsequently

　　最后：last, finally, end, conclusion, consequently

5. 强调结构：

　　转折为强调

　　否定结构：

　　not, never, none, seldom (几乎不)

　　little, few否定，不

　　I have few mistakes in this action, 在这次行动中我机会没有犯错。

　　far from

　　It is far from perfection. 但这次行动离完美还很远。

　　fail to

　　given that 考略到

　　most of the teammates fail to cooperate合作 with each other. 大多数的队员都没能做到协调一致

　　缺乏：

　　insufficient, deficiency, shortage, lack = not enough

　　所以领导说这可能是因为我们平时缺乏训练。

　　And according to the commander, it is resulting from the lack of practice.

　　And insufficient amount of practice have devoted to/breed/generated/ this.

　　ADD注意力缺乏紊乱症 attention deficit disorder

　　6. 因果关系词+ 起作用+ 有联系

　　Overdose of salt could breed heart disease.

　　Overdose of salt has detrimental impact on the heart functionality.

　　Heart disease is related to overdose of salt.

　　Vocabulary is critical for reading.

　　Vocabulary could >> reading

　　positive link

　　negative link

　　原因：好beneficial, 坏detrimental, factor因素, reason, cause, trigger, impetus behind 背后的推动力, incentive诱惑因素

　　结果：=灾难：incident, accident, damage, hazard, detrimental, disaster, issue, 自然灾害catastrophe

　　导致：lead to, devote to, cause, generate,

　　trigger 动词，引发

　　breed养大，养育mother-breeding 母乳喂养-breast-feeding 母乳喂养

　　Isolation breeds linguistic diversity.

　　地理上的间隔导致了语言的多样性

　　give rise to 催生, give birth to生出

　　由于: because of, as a result of, originate from, spawn from