The men in a patrilineal society are willing to pay a very high price for nubile (可以结婚的) virgins (处女). "With the bride-wealth, you purchase a woman's future fertility," says vanden Berghe. If a woman already has children, she may command less bride-wealth, and if sheturns out to be infertile, her family returns the husband's payment. Some anthropologists thinkbride-wealth should really be called child-wealth. Give short answers to the following questions and then write your answers on Answer Sheet IL.
51.What is the passage mainly about?
52. In which society may a woman not necessarily receive bride-price?
53.Why should a man intending a marriage pay his bride-price in a patrilineal society?
54.What will the bride's male relatives get in some society?
55. How is a woman's bride-wealth paid in a parilineal society under different circumstances?
Part III English-Chinese Translation
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate it into Chinese. You should write your translation clearly on ANAWER SHEET II. (15 points)
The World Bank was established toward the end of World WarIIas a new international financial organization to provide long-term finance in the difficult postwar period which lay ahead. The Bank came into operation in June 1946 with a membership of 44 countries. By April 1962 membership had risen to 75, and 15 other countries were applicants, most of which newly independent African nations. The Bank's first group of loans were made in 1947 to aid postwar reconstruction in Western Europe. The Bank then turned to lending, to assist the economic growth of the less developed countries df the world. These development loans now reach almost US$6000 million. They have helped to lay the foundation of economic progress in many countries, particularly by assisting the development of electric power, transportation, industry and agriculture. AH payments of interest and principal due from the Bank's borrowers have been received.
Part IV Writing Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then answer the question in about 100- 120 words. Please write your answer clearly on ANSWER SHEET II. (15 points)
THE IDEA OF SUMMERHILL
This is a story of a modern school-Summerhill. Summerhill began as an experimentalschool. It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedomworks. When my first wife and I began the school, we had one main idea: to make the schoolfitthe chiM——inst ead of making the child fit the school.Obviously, a school that makes active children sit at desks studying mostly uselesssubjects is abad school. It is a good school only for those who believe in such a school, forthose uncreative citizens who want docile (顺从的), uncreative children who will fit into acivilization whose standard of success is money. I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it wasall wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should beand of how a child should learn. Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to bethemselves. In order to do this, we had to abandon all discipline, all direction, all suggestion,all moral training, all religious instruction. We have been called brave, but it did not requirecourage. All it required was what we had——a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil,being. My view is that a child is wise and realistic by nature. If left to himself without adultsuggestion of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. Logically,Summerhill is a place in which people who have the natural ability and wish to be scholars willbe scholars; while those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But wehave not produced a street cleaner so far.
