Passage 1 :

The economic system of the United States is principally privately owned. This system is often referred to as the “free enterprise system”. It should be noted that although the United States operates a system of private enterprise, government has to some extent always been involved in regulating and guiding the American Economy. Yet despite this history of government intervention, individuals in the United States have always been able to choose for whom they will work and what they will buy. Most important, they vote for officials who will set economic policy.

    Traditionally , the system has been referred to as a “ market economy ” . Now decisions are

made by three groups and it is their dynamic interaction that makes the economy function. Consumers, producers, and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, the primary force being between producers and consumers; hence the market economy designation.

Passage 2 :  

  Two hundred years ago in England four out of five of the children of poor parents died before they were five years old. Of their many diseases, smallpox was the worst. Young and old were attacked and those that did not die became deaf, blind or even mad as a result of the illness. All were left with ugly scars on their skin.

    But no one ever seemed to catch the dreadful disease twice . A person who recovered from

smallpox was safe, for at least some time. This had been noticed many years before and it had also been discovered that a person could escape a serious attack of smallpox by being infected with a mild form of the disease. This was done by making a small wound and inserting some of the matter from a smallpox sore. This was called inoculation. But often serious illness or death resulted.

Part B: Translate the following passages from Chinese into English ( two passages, each 25 points )

Passage 1 :

有一次，我乘电梯不小心踩了一位先生的脚，我赶忙说了一声Sorry，可同时，从那位先生的口中也冒出了这个词。我不禁暗自发笑：你有什么必要说明sorry呢？事后一个美国朋友解释，按照美国人的思维方式，电梯间是公共场所，谁都有权站在那儿。由于自己首先占据一块地方，别人才没有足够的地方站稳，难道不该表示sorry吗？

Passage 2 :

跨入二十一世纪，福建正致力于构建发展的战略通道，即拓宽山海协作、对内连接，对外开放的三大战略通道，坚持以产业化带动农村经济发展，以信息化带动工业化，以城市化带动区域经济协调发展，以开发人才资源带动经济整体素质的增强，以改革开放带动经济国际化程度的提高，为实现“富民强省”、把福建真正建设成为海峡西岸繁荣带而努力奋斗。