浙江省2012年1月高等教育自学考试
专业英语试题
课程代码：00196
一、Choose the best answer for each question (15 points, 1 point for each item). 从下列各答题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1. An inappropriate vision will fail because of the following reasons except ______. ( )
A. it may be outdated.
B. it may be impractical.
C. it may ignore the needs of shareholders.
D. it may reflect only the leader’s internal needs.
2. Which of the following is the correct combination of the four key management functions? ( )
A. Planning, organizing, staffing and leading
B. Planning, staffing, leading and controlling
C. Planning, leading, staffing and controlling, and organizing
D. Planning, organizing and staffing, leading and controlling
3. Face to face communication is the richest medium because it offers the following cues in addition to words except ______. ( )
A. tone of voice B. facial expressions
C. kinesics D. gestures
4. Which of the following abbreviations is NOT true?( )
A. WTO stands for World Trade Organization.
B. GATT stands for General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.
C. EU stands for European Unity.
D. NAFTA stands for North American Free Trade Agreement.
5. Which of the following is NOT included in the two-factor theory put forward by Frederick Herzberg?( )
A. Company policies B. Pay
C. Co-workers D. Workers’ health
6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?( )
A. Managers must employ bounded rationality.
B. Managers must try to optimize decision making.
C. Managers must maximize and make ideal decisions.
D. Managers must choose options that appear adequate, but not perfect.
7. Travel agents are responsible for the following except ______. ( )
A. what they have promised the tourists
B. looking for tourists’ interest
C. the professional level of their performance
D. taking care of tourists’ interests
8. Which of the following is NOT one of the four sources of stress for researchers? ( )
A. Isolation from management B. Obstacles from management
C. Discomfort of management D. Threats from management
9. Which of the following is NOT one of the five components in the strategic management process? ( )
A. Internal assessment B. Analysis of the environment
C. Formulation of the strategy D. Evaluation of the strategy
10. Which of the following is NOT one of the trends faced by travel agents in the future? ( )
A. Automated selling by suppliers.
B. Ability of travel agents to meet increasing costs.
C. Decisions by suppliers not to use travel agencies.
D. Deregulation.
11. The following costs can NOT be perfectly assigned to any one department except ______. ( )
A. depreciation B. maintenance costs
C. marketing expenses D. general administrative expenses
12. Which of the following statements about market segmentation is NOT true?( )
A. Market segmentation is based on the marketing research about the buyers’ needs and wants in a market.
B. The purpose of market segmentation is to examine the differences in needs and wants so as to identify the segment within the product-market of interest.
C. Each segment contains buyers who have similar needs and wants for the products.
D. Market must be segmented according to age, income and lifestyle.
13. Travel to a foreign country tends to decrease as its exchange rate ______. ( )
A. falls B. rises
C. levels D. fluctuates
14. Which of the following approaches aimed at understanding how psychological and social processes interact with the work situation to influence performance? ( )
A. Human relations B. Administrative management
C. Bureaucracy D. Scientific management
15. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the failure of restaurant business? ( )
A. Lack of information B. Bad location
C. Too much competition D. Poor merchandising
二、Cloze test (20 points, 2 points for each item). 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
Characteristics of a person also 1 motivation. Different needs are stronger or weaker for different people, energizing and motivating them toward different goals. The extent 2
which, and the ways 3 which, a person’s needs can be met at work affects his or her behavior on the job. Abraham Maslow 4 five major types of human needs into a hierarchy. This need hierarchy shows Maslow’s belief that people satisfy their needs in a 5 order, from bottom to top. The needs, in an ascending order, are: 1. 6 (food, water, sex, and shelter). 2. Safety or security (protection against threat and 7 ). 3. 8 (friendship, affection, belonging, and love). 4. 9 (independence, achievement, freedom, status, recognition, and self-esteem). 5. Self-actualization (realizing one’s full 10 ).
( )1.A. effect B. induce
C. deduce D. affect
( )2.A. to B. in
C. by D. at
( )3.A. on B. to
C. by D. in
( )4.A. organized B. divided
C. separated D. settled
( )5.A. special B. specific
C. especial D. specialized
( )6.A. Psychological B. Philosophical
C. Physiological D. Physical
( )7.A. decrease B. demotion
C. deprivation D. depowerment
( )8.A. Social B. Political
C. Economic D. Affectionate
( )9.A. Egret B. Id
C. Superego D. Ego
( )10.A. liability B. potential
C. desires D. procedures
三、Reading comprehension (15 points, 3 points for each item). 阅读下列短文，根据短文，在每个答题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）
Passage One
Modern managers do not work in a vacuum. They must deal with, and sometimes surmount, three factors within the firm. One is the company’s culture. Another is the company’s politics, often arising from competition with other managers for valuable resources. A third factor is bureaucracy: the day-to-day rules and procedures governing the firm’s operations.
Research on how managers obtain information shows that for the most part they get it from other people. A hefty 75 percent of a manager’s time is spent in meetings—50 percent planned but 25 percent unplanned. Another 10 percent of the day is spent either making or receiving telephone calls, and 5 percent passes in clerical work. This leaves a scant 10 percent of a manager’s time devoted to analysis.
There are mainly three types of management support systems: executive support systems (ESS), management information systems (MIS) and decision support systems (DSS).
ESS are graphics-oriented systems designed for senior management that provide generalized computing and telecommunications facilities and combine internal and external information and are used for long-term planning. MIS and DSS serve mid-and low-level managers, who must deal with short-term, daily operational issues. The critical difference between an MIS and a DSS perhaps is a model base, or analytical tools used by the system. MIS generally have very simple analytical tools-averages, summations, deviations from plan, and the like. DSS, however, usually have very sophisticated analytical and modeling tools, such as built-in spreadsheets, statistical analysis, and simulation.
1. Managers must deal with the following except ______. ( )
A. the company’s culture B. the company’s policies
C. the company’s politics D. bureaucracy
2. Which of the following is NOT correct of the research findings about managers’ time allocation? ( )
A. Managers spent 75% of their time on planned meetings.
B. Managers spent 10% of their time on telephone calls.
C. Managers spent 5% of their time on office work.
D. Managers spent 10% of their time on analysis.
3. The word hefty in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ( )
A. total B. forceful
C. much D. great
4. Managers at the top level should use ( )
A. ESS B. MIS
C. DSS D. All of the above
5. What’s the difference between MIS and DSS? ( )
A. MIS are graphics-oriented, while DSS are statistics-oriented.
B. MIS provide computing facilities, while DSS provide telecommunications facilities.
C. MIS have simple analytical tools, while DSS have complicated analytical tools.
D. MIS have a model base, while DSS do not have.
四、 Word Spelling (20 points, 1 point for each item). 请将完整的单词写出。作为提示，每个单词的意义，词类及首字母均已给出。（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
1．An imperfection, often concealed, that impairs soundness (n.) f______.
2．Frankness or sincerity of expression; openness (n.) c______.
3．Of or relating to the essential nature of a thing; inherent (adj.) i______.
4．Easily resuming original shape after being stretched or expanded; flexible (adj.) e______.
5．Not capable of being persuaded by entreaty; relentless (adj.) i______.
6．To strive for victory or superiority; contend (vi.) v______.
7．A group of investments (n.) p______.
8．Imminent danger; exposure to the risk of harm or loss (n.) p______.
9．To take apart; disassemble; tear down (vt.) d______.
10．To have an area or a range in common with (vi.) o______.
11．A hurried or light meal or food eaten between meals (n.) s______.
12．To convert from code into plain text (vt.) d______.
13．The quality, capability, or power to elicit belief (n.) c______.
14．Willful or malicious destruction of public or private property (n.) v______.
15．A distinguishing feature, as of a person’s character (n.) t______.
16．To prohibit; forbid (vt.) i______.
17．The quality or condition of being useful; usefulness (n.) u______ .
18．Confusing or troubling with uncertainty or doubt (adj.) p______.
19．To behave or move nervously or restlessly (v.) f______.
20．Of any condition or place of total disorder or confusion (adj.) c______.
五、Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item). 将下列各句译成英语，并写在各句下面的空行内。（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）
1．总之，旅游市场细分就是对现实与潜在的旅游需求者的相似的地理分布、社会属性、经济能力和心理行为进行区分和归类。
2．企业应当花费更少的时间将财务数据对雇员保密，而应当用更多的时间教会他们分析数据，并根据数据来采取行动。
3．旅行社工作的知识广博性是指旅行社是旅游咨询机构，导游是旅游目的地文化的传播者。
4．餐饮管理的任务是科学合理地组织餐饮产品生产和销售，满足国内外客人日益增长的、多层次的物质和文化生活需要。
5．原来的思想和概念在某种程度上来自研究者本人的头脑，但是在更大的程度上则来自前人的集体努力，来自文献资料。
六、Translation from English into Chinese (15 points, 3 points for each item). 将下列各句译成汉语，并写在各句下面的空行内。（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）
1．International human resource management is concerned with the acquisition and maintenance of a well-qualified, satisfactory, and satisfied workforce in another country or a cultural context besides one’s own.
2．In one-way communication, information flows in only one direction-from the sender to the receiver, with no feedback loop.
3．In general, the problem of strategic leadership is one of diagnosing the situation and choosing from any of several ways to handle it.
4．The leader should encourage less vocal group members to air their opinions and suggestions and asking for dissenting viewpoints.
5．Managers can facilitate this process and achieve organizational goals by removing obstacles and encouraging behaviors that satisfy people’s needs and organizational goals simultaneously.
