II. Reading comprehension: (2 × 10=20)
Directions: Read the following passages and make your proper choices.
(1)
If the old maxim that the customer is always right still has meaning, then the airlines that fly the world's busiest air route between London and Paris have a fight on their hands.
The Eurostar train service linking the UK and French capitals via the Channel Tunnel is winning the customers in increasing numbers. In late May, it carries its one millionth passengers, having run only a limited service between London, Paris and Brussels since November 1994, starting with two trains a day in each direction to Paris and Brussels. By 1997, the company believes that it will be carrying 10 million passengers a year, and continue to grow from there.
From July, Eurostar steps its service to nine trains each way between London and Paris, and five between London and Brussels. Each train carries almost 800 passengers, 210 of them in first class.
The airlines estimate that they will initially lose around 15% to 20% of their London-Paris traffic to the railways once Eurostar starts a full service later this year, with 15 trains a day each way. A similar service will start from London to Brussels. The damage will be limited, however, the airlines believe, with passenger numbers returning to previous levels within two to three years.
In the short term, the damage caused by the 1 million people-level traveling between London
and Paris and Brussels on Eurostar trains means that some air services are already suffering. Some
of the major carriers say that their passenger numbers are down by less than 5% and point to their rivals --- particularly Air France --- as having suffered the problems. On the Brussels route, the railway company had less success, and the airlines report anything from around a 5% drop to no visible decline in traffic.
The airlines' optimism on returning traffic levels is based on historical precedent. British Midland, for example, points to its experience on Heathrow Leeds Bradford service which saw passenger numbers decrease by 15% when British Rail electrified and modernized the railway line
between London and Yorkshire. Two years later, travel had risen between the two destinations to the point where the airline was carrying record numbers of passengers.
16. The phrase “have a fight on their hands” (Para. 1) probably means “ ________ ”.
A. have to deal with the situation seriously
B. have to declare war on the railway service
C. have to decide whether to fight or not
D. have no problem to win the fight

17. The airlines are confident in the fact that ________.
A. they are more powerful than the Eurostar service
B. their total passenger loss won't go beyond a drop of 5%
C. their traffic levels will return in 2 to 3 years
D. traveling by rail can never catch up with traveling by air

18. The railway Brussels route is brought forth to show that ________.
A. the Eurostar service is not doing good business
B. the airlines can well compete with the railway
C. the Eurostar train service only caused very little damage
D. only some airlines, such as Air France, are suffering

19. British Midland is mentioned to ________.
A. provide a comparison with Eurostar
B. support the airlines' optimism
C. prove the inevitable drop of air passengers
D. call for electrification and modernization of the railway

20. The purpose of the last paragraph is to ________ .
A. praise the airlines' clear-mindedness
B. advise the airlines to follow British Midland as their model
C. propose a reduction of London/Paris flights
D. show why the airlines are still hopeful

(2)
The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, you'd expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to visit each other's country at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour', reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody's grasp. The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in the old days couldn't have dreamed of. But What's the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other?
Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a nursed, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips.
The sad thing about this situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don't see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristics you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, ‘Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites' or that ‘Latin peoples shout a lot'. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereotypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you?
Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact. That all people are human. We are all similar to each other and at the same time all unique.
21. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
A. Conducted tour is comfortable but dull.
B. Tourism has become more convenient.
C. Tourism helps understand each other.
D. Tourism confirms national stereotypes.

22. Which of the following is true of the grand tour nowadays?
A. It's so expensive that only the rich can enjoy it.
B. It's outdated and few people are interested in it.
C. It charges high but offers moderate service.
D. It can be actually enjoyed by everybody.

23. According to the author, the national stereotype of Anglo-Saxons is that ________.
A. they seem to be amorous
B. B. they seem to be morally good
C. they are generous and kind
D. D. they are cold and pedantic

24. The purpose of the passage is to point out that ________.
A. conducted tour is too comfortable
B. national stereotypes should be changed
C. the way of touring should be changed
D. traveling only confirms your preconception

25. What is the author's attitude toward tourism?
A. Negative
B. B. Suspicious
C. Appreciative
D. D. Apprehensive

III. Cloze: (1 × 15=15)
Directions: Choose the one from the given A, B, C and D to complete the passage properly.
In England everything is the other way round.
On Sunday on the Continent even the 26 person puts on his best suit, tries to 27 respectable, and at 28 time the life of the country becomes gay and cheerful; in England even the richest Lord or motor-manufacturer dresses 29 some peculiar rags, does not shave, and the country becomes dull and dreary. On the Continent there is one 30 which should be avoided —— the weather; in England if you do not 31 the phrase “Lovely day, isn't it?” at least 32 a day, you are 33 a bit dull. On the Continent Sunday papers 34 on Monday; in England —— a country of strange oddities —— they appear on Sunday. On the Continent people use a fork 35 —— it were a shovel; in England they turn it upside down and push 36 ——including peas —— on top of it.
On the Continent stray cats 37 individually on their merits —— some are loved, some are only 38 ; in England they are universally worshipped, as in 39 Egypt. On the Continent people have good food; in England people have good table 40 .
26. A. poorest　　B. poor　　C. sick　　D. poorer
27. A. grow　　B. look　　C. seem　　D. become
28. A. the exact　　B. the other　　C, the next　　D. the same
29. A. on　　B. in　　C. with　　D. like
30. A. sentence　　B. word　　C. topic　　D. term
31. A. announce　　B. speak　　C. talk　　D. repeat
32. A. two hundreds time　　 B. two hundred time　　C. two hundred times　　 D. two hundred's times
33. A. considered　　B. thought　　C. called　　D. suggested
34. A. come　　B. appear　　C. arrive　　D. reach
35. A. as though　　B. if　　C. as　　D. like
36. A. something　　B. everything　　C. anything　　D. things
37. A. judging　　B. judged　　C. are judged　　D. judge
38. A. respectful　　B. respective　　C. respectable　　D. respected
39. A. ancient　　B. old　　C. past　　D. former
40. A. habits　　B. behaviors　　C. manners　　D. hobbies

IV. Phrasal verbs: (1 × 10=10)
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper phrasal verbs given below. Make some changes if necessary.

act as adjust to be subject to categorize into despose of

result from run to spring up take hold vie with

41. I broke him of his bad habit before it could ________.
42. A trained dog can ________ a guide to a blind person.
43. These desks and seats can ________ the height of any child.
44. The committee ________ all its business in an hour.
45. The number of visitors to that country ________ six million last year.
46. His stomach trouble ________ eating too much.
47. Last year modern hotels ________ like bamboo shoots after a spring rain.
48. They have ________ ancient classics ________ four books.
49. The date of our trip to the South ________ my firm's vacation schedule.
50. Swimmers from many nations are ________ each other for the first place.

V. Phrase translation: (1 × 20=20)
Part One
Directions: Translate the following into Chinese.
51. international hotel chains　　52. a wilderness park
53. provide a truly global network　　54. a buoyant level of tourism
55. health hazard　　56. multi-stopover independent tours
57. catch the first available plane　　58. from boom to bust
59. leisure travel by retired people　　60. gross domestic product (GDP)
Part Two
Directions: Translate the following into English.
61.宴会设施　　62.办理签证
63.旅游动机　　64.无价格弹性
65.净逆差　　66.生态平衡
67.价值观　　68.烹调艺术
69.奖励旅游　　70.世界旅游组织(全称)

VI. Passage translation: (10×2=20)
Directions: Translate the following passages into Chinese.
71. Travel and tourism has become a strategic industry in China's development toward a “socialist market economy.” A decade of development has yielded both positive experiences and hard lessons. Our country is still probing better ways of developing a strong travel and tourism industry which can compete successfully in its regional and global markets. Our country, therefore, faces both opportunities and challenges in developing its tourism to the next level. Our tourism has a bright future, although it will require arduous efforts to develop it effectively. The opportunities and challenges that our country faces are discussed, and the strategies are identified as recommendations for future development.
72. Passenger transportation, whether on land, over the water, or in the air is the lifeblood of the tourism industry. Water transportation was the first mode of transportation to move travelers rapidly over long distances, but many other modes have evolved to meet time and distance requirements.
Travelers have the choice of plying the waves, riding the rails, cruising the highways, or soaring through the skies. Which one they choose will depend on where they are going, their budget, and the amount of flexibility they desire.