12月大学英语六级全真模拟（五）
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[4] 阅读理解
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.
A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. There is an old saying which says, "Time flies never to be recalled." This is very true. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be obtained again. Time is more valuable than material things. In fact time is life itself, and unpunctual man is forever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset as well as others'. The unpunctual man is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or make an appointment. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it. He knows that he cannot get through his immense amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every appointment without the least delay and deals with every piece of work when it has to be attended promptly. Failure to be punctual in keeping one's appointments is a sign of disrespect toward others. If a person is invited to a dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. This is a great impoliteness both towards the host and the other guests.
Friends sometimes grow cold towards each other, or even become enemies, because one of them has been neglectful of answering letters or keeping appointments.
Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to one's duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are entrusted with important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by friends or fellow men. And the unpunctual man is a source of annoyance both to others and to himself.
47. According to the passage, if a person cannot do things at a proper time, he will lose .
48. A punctual man will seldom complain that he finds no time to answer letters or return calls for he is very careful of .
49. If a person is unpunctual in keeping his appointment, he is showing towards others.
50. Why some friends may become enemies according to the passage?
51. No one will trust a person who is known to be according to the passage.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
It happened one morning 20 years ago. British scientist Alec Jeffrey stumbled upon DNA fingerprinting: He identified the patterns of genetic(基因的) material that are unique to almost every individual. His discovery changed everything from the way we do criminal investigations to the way we decide family law. But the professor of genetics at the University of Leicester, UK, is still surprised, and a bit worried, by the power of the technology he released upon the world.
The patterns within DNA are unique to each individual, except identical twins, who share the same pattern. The ability to identify these patterns has been used to convict murderers and to clear people who are wrongly accused. It is also used to identify the victims of war and settle disputes over who is the father of a child.
Jeffrey said he and his colleagues made the discovery by accident while tracking genetic variations. But, within six months of the discovery, genetic fingerprinting had been used in an immigration case, to prover that an African boy really was his parents'son. In 1986, it was used for the first time in a British criminal case: It cleared one suspect after being accused of two rapes and murders and helped convict another man.
DNA testing is now very common. In Britain, a national criminal database established in 1995 now contains 2.5 million DNA samples(样本). The U.S. and Canada are devloping similar systems. But there are fears about the stored DNA samples and how they could be used to harm a person's privacy. That includes a person's medical history, racial origin or psychological profile. "There is the long-term risk that people can get into these samples and start getting additional information about a person's paternity or risk of disease," Jeffrey said.
DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity. Till, it is considered a reasonably reliable system for determining the things it is used for. Jeffrey estimates(估计) the probability of two individuals'DNA profiles maching in the most commonly used tests at between one in a billion or one in a trillion.
52. The passage is mainly about .
A) the discovery of fingerprinting by Jeffery
B) the practice of fingerprinting in court
C) the fingerprinting in the present situation
D) the merits and demerits of fingerprinting
53.The phrase "stumbled upon"(Line 1, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to " ".
A) discovered after great efforts B) found out quite by chance
C) amazed and confused by D) invented in experiments
54. The significance of the DNA fingerprinting is that .
A) the patterns of genetic material are unique in everybody
B) it can be used to identify criminals by testing their DNAs
C) DNA testing can tell the wated information of some people
D) DNA testing can help those who are wrongly accused
55. The British DNA database is established to .
A) find the identical DNA profiles B) help criminal investigations
C) store people's personal information D) treat people of potential diseases
56.By saying"DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity", the author means .
A) DNA testing can be wrong in its practices
B) there are identical patterns of genetic material
C) many people have the identical DNA profiles
D) DNA testing are endangering people's privacy
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
In recent years crisis in welfare states has been high on the political scheme both in the Scandinavian（斯堪的那维亚）countries and elsewhere. The crisis consists of many individual elements and is partly due to the fact that the present welfare arrangements originated and developed in the 1960s and 1970s at a time of high economic growth and low unemployment. It has never been the intention either with unemployment, sickness benefits or with cash benefits that so many people should receive them or that they should receive them for so long as has been the case in recent years. The financing of the welfare state has thus become a problem, and as it has not been politically possible to increase taxes, which are already very high.The question is therefore whether the national compromise can be maintained in the future. Generally speaking, the changes and cuts which have been made in the welfare systems in the Scandinavian countries in recent years--and there are actually many-foretell an on-going adaptation of the systems to the present economic situation. This does not mean that changes are being contemplated in the concept of the welfare state, i.e. that it is the intention to adopt another welfare model. However, there is already now much to suggest that a more fragmented welfare system is slowly but surely emerging in the Scandinavian countries.
In all the Scandinavian countries a supplementary welfare system has developed in recent years, giving greater benefits to those who are in the labor market. This is a clear deviation from the equality principle that is at the heart of the Scandinavian welfare model. The breach has occurred partly because better arrangements have been reached relating to maternity leave, sickness and pensions through the free collective agreements between employers and employees that regulate conditions in the labor markets in all the Scandinavian countries. That is to say benefits that are paid out to the vast majority of employees in the Scandinavian labor markets, who are included in such an agreement--but not to all citizens.
57. The cause of the crisis in welfare states is that .
A) the economy of these countries has been on the verge of collapse
B) there are too few people enjoying the social welfare
C) the economical situation in these countries has worsened
D) the welfare system has been outdated in the present situation
58. According to the passage, the financing of the welfare society becomes a problem because .
A) the tax rate is too low in these countries
B) the tax rate is too high in these countries
C) the population has grown larger but national revenue declined
D) the growth of population has exceeded that of the economy
59. The Scandinavian countries are .
A) considering a different welfare model B) preparing to partially modify the welfare model
C) cutting down the welfare system D) building a new welfare society
60. In the supplementary welfare system, .
A) everyone is entitled to the same rights only if he/she is a citizen
B) employers and employees have reshaped the old welfare system
C) new agreements have been reached in the labor markets
D) the equality principle is still at the core for all citizens
61.According to the article, in the supplementary welfare system, everyone doesn't have .
A) the same rights to receive education B) the same rights to enjoy pensions
C) the same medical care support D) the same unemployment subsidy |
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