But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many - like the death of a loved one - are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.

　　The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.

　　21. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us __________.

　　A) the way you handle major events may cause stress

　　B) what should be done to avoid stress

　　C) what kind of event would cause stress

　　D) how to cope with sudden changes in life

　　22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _________.

　　A) widespread concern over its harmful effects

　　B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause

　　C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses

　　D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs

　　23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.

　　A) how much pressure you are under

　　B) how positive events can change your life

　　C) how stressful a major event can be

　　D) how you can deal with life-changing events

　　24. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?

　　A) No one can stay on the same job for long.

　　B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.

　　C) People have to get married someday.

　　D) You could be missing opportunities as well.

　　25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.

　　A) nervous when faced with difficulties

　　B) physically and mentally strained

　　C) more capable of coping with adversity

　　D) indifferent toward what happens to them

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

　　Most episodes of absent-mindedness - forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room - are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”

　　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe (衣柜). “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter. “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”