16. An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is __________________.

　　A) to make sports less competitive

　　B) to make sports more challenging

　　C) to reduce their mental stress

　　D) to increase their sense of success

　　17. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that _____________.

　　A) it can help them learn more about society

　　B) it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

　　C) it enables them to find flaws in themselves

　　D) it can provide them with valuable experiences

　　18. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________.

　　A) without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence

　　B) in order to make them remember life’s lessons

　　C) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

　　D) so as to put more pressure on them

　　19. According to the passage parents and coaches should _______________.

　　A) help children to win every game

　　B) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

　　C) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

　　D) train children to cope with stress

　　10. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is _________________.

　　A) to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

　　B) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

　　C) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

　　D) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

　　Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts（干旱）are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’ population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.

　　But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world - if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.

　　Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

　　Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example. often the cheapest way to provide irrigation（灌溉）water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions（凹地）and pumping it to nearby cropland.

　　No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.