Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Amtrak(美国铁路客运公司)was experiencing a downswing in riders hip (客运量)along the lines comprising its rail system.Of major concern t o Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham，were the long - distance wester n routes where ridership had been declining significantly.At one time，trains w ere the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west.Trains were fast，ver，'luxurious，and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time.However，times change and the automolile became America's standard of convenience.Also，air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances .Therefore，the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order t o change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be consid ered for travel in the west.Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1) anxious fliers - those concermed with safety，relaxation，and cleanliness and 2) travel - lovers - those viewing themselves as relaxed，casual，and interested in the travel ecperience as part of their vacation.The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom，escape，relaxation，and enjoyment of the great western outdoors.It stressed experiences gained by u sing the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.Adver tisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along s ome of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains(Empire Builder，etc.).These ads were strategically placed among family - oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order t o most effectively reach target audiences.Resultswere impressive.The Empire Bu ilder.Which was focused on in one ad.enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.
31. What's the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A) To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed
and convenience.
B) To stress the influence of the automobile on America's standard of convenience.
C) To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion.
D) To illustrate the important role of persuasive communiation in changing consum-
er attitudes.
32. It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to
the fact that ______ .
A) trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportation
B) trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation
C) trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to be
D) trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience
33. To encourage consumers to travel by train，DDB Needham emphasized ______ .
A) the freedom and convenience provided on trains
B) the practical aspests of travel
C) the adventurous aspects of train trips
D) the safety and cleanliness of train trips
34. The train ads were placed among family - oriented TV programs involv ing nature
and America because ______ .
A) they could focus on meaningful travel experiences
B) they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programs
C) their profits could be increased by some 15 percent
D) most travel - lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences
35. According to the passage，the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and
profits because ______ .
A) the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised
B) it provided an exciting travel experience
C) its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoors
D) it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they the answer，and it comes down to the structure of the food，not its chemical composition - a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.C ream and butter contain pretty much the same substances，so why cream should sou r muchfaster has been a mystery.Both are emulsions - tiny globules(小球)of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another.The difference lies in what's in the globules and what's in the surrounding liquid，says Brocklehurst，who led the investigation.In cream，fatty globules and what's in the surround ing liquid，says Brocklehurst，who led the investigation.In cream，fatty globul es drift about in a sea of water.In butter，globules of a watery solution are l ocked away in a sea of fat.The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to li ve in the watery regions of the mixture."This means that in cream，the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture，"he says.When the situation is revers ed，the bacteria are locked away in compartments (密封仓) buried dee p in the sea of fat.Trapped in this way，individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients.They also slowly poison themselves with their wast e products."In butter，you get a self - limiting system which stops the bacteri a growing，"says Brocklehurst.The researchers are already working with food com panies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack t hrough alterations to the food's structure.Brocklehurst believes it will be pos sible to make the emulsions used in salad cream，for instance，more like that in butter.The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.
36. The significance of Brocklehurst's research is that ______ .
A) it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives
B) it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter
C) it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter
D) it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition
37. According to the researchers.cream sours faster than butter because bacteria_____ .
A) are more evenly distributed in cream
B) multiply more easily in cream than is butter
C) live on less fat in cream than in butter
D) produce less waste in cream t han in butter
38. According to Brocklehurst，we can keep cream fresh by ______ .
A) removing its fat B) killing the bacteria
C) reducing its water content D) altering its structure
39. The word"colonies"(Line 2，Para.4) refers to ______ .
A) tiny globules B) watery regions
C) bacteria communities D) little compartments
40. Commercial application of the research finding will be possible if s alad cream
can be made resistant to bacterial attack ______ .
A) by varying its chemical composition B) by turning it into a solid lump
C) while keeping its structure unchanged D) while retaining its liquid form
Part ⅢVocabulary and Structure(20 m inutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D) .Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Anwer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. She ought to stop work；she has a headache because she ______ too long.
A) has been reading B) had read C) is reading D) read
42. Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______ drawing millions of visitors every year.
A) attention B) attraction C) appointment D) arrangement
43. I don't mind ______ the decision as long as it is not too late.
A) you to delay making B) your delaying making
C) your delaying to make D) you delay to make
44. The hopes goals，fears and desires widely between men and women，between the rich
and the poor.
A) alter B) shift C) transfer D) vary
45. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus
found it ______ in Cuba.
A) being cultivated B) been cultivated C) having cultivated D) cultivating
46. The sale usually takes place outside the house,with the audience _____ on benches，
chairs or boxes.
A) having seated B) seating C) seated D) having been seated
47. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ______ comfortably.
A) is worn B) wears C) wearing D) are worn
48Some diseases are _____ by certain water animals.
A) transplanted B) transformed C) transported D) transmitted
49. Wouldn't you rather your child _______ to bed early?
A) go B) went C) would go D) goes
50. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders _____ will hap pen to her
private life.
A) that B) what C) it D) this
51. The words of his old teacher left a _____ impression on his mind.He is still
influenced by them.
A) long B) lively C) lasting D) liberal
52. Mike's uncle insists ______ in this hotel.
A) staying not B) not to stay C) that he would not stay D) that he not stay
53. We agreed to accept ______ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A) whatever B) whomever C) whichever D) whoever
54. It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.
A) consistent B) continuous C) considerate D) continual
55. Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.
A) by B) for C) to D) in
