(一)词与词的替换

　　词与词的替换包括同义词和近义词以及前缀的变化，目的就是考查同学们是否有迅速把两个相近的单词意思联系起来的能力，也就是考查快速提取信息的能力。

　　1. C4T1P1 It has been 1suggested that child 2hold mistaken views about the 3'pure' science that they study at school. 根据'pure'定位到文中第二段第一行Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about 'pure' science， curriculum science. 短短一句话我们可以发现有三组四处同义替换，分别为suggested-shown; hold-harbour; mistaken views-misconceptions; science that they study at school-curriculum science. 因此答案为TRUE。

　　2. C4T4P1 John S. Raglin believes our current knowledge of athletics is

　　A. mistaken

　　B. basic

　　C. diverse

　　D. theoretical

　　解析：根据人名John S. Raglin定位到文中最后一段 'Once you study athletics， you learn that it's a vexingly complex issue，'says John S. Raglin， a sports psychologist at Indiana University.' Core performance is not a simple or mundane thing of higher， faster， longer.......， and our understanding in many cases is fundamental. Fundamental为basic的近义词，意为“基础的，基本的，初步的”。

　　3. C5T4P3 Some types of bird can be encouraged to breed out of season.

　　解析：根据名词bird定位到文中第二段第七行For example， some species of birds' breeding can be induced even in the midwinter simply by increasing day length artificially. 题目与原文的句子结构一致，只是替换了个别单词，types换成了species; encouraged换成了induced， 很显然答案为TRUE。

　　(二)词性的变化

　　词性的变化是指用同一个单词的不同形式来暗示答案的出处。

　　1. C5T2P2 _________become active too.

　　解析：只有三个单词，去掉系动词become和副词too，只能拿active作为考点来去解题，根据句子结构来看，空格处缺少一个主语，同时要注意的是如果是可数名词作主语的话，一般用复数。根据上下文定位到文中的But there was also activity in the temporal lobes at the side of the head and in many other brain areas.很容易把active与activity对应上，用too替换also，句子用there be句型引出，很容易看出答案为temporal lobes。

　　2. C6T2P2 This is largely due to developments in medicine， but other factors such as improved _____may also play a part.

　　解析：根据文章的上下文我们可以定位到文中But there may be other contributing factors.Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century， for example， gave today's elderly people a better start in life than their predecessors.很显然improved与improvement是词性转化，空格应该填一个名词，答案为nutrition.

　　3. C6T3P3 Theory 1： cells less damaged by disease because fewer_____ are emitted.

　　解析：根据Theory 1定位到文中One possibility relates to the ATP-making machinery's emission of free radicals. 找出词性转化，便得出答案为free radicals。

　　(三)单词与词组和词组与词组的替换

　　此替换考查学生对近义词组的转化能力。

　　1. C5T2P1 There were several reasons for the research into plastics in the nineteenth century， among them the great advances that had been made in the field of _____and the search for alternatives to natural resources like ivory.