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Lesson 14: A noble gangster
贵族歹徒
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'. If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the 14th century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
600 years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of 80, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue'.
New words and expressions 生词与短语
gangster
n. 歹徒,强盗
Chicago
n. 芝加哥(美国城市)
protection
n. 保护
promptly
adv. 准时地
destroy
v. 毁掉;消灭
remarkable
adj. 不寻常的
band
n. 帮,团伙
Florence
n. 佛罗伦萨(意大利城市)
city-state
n. (古代)城邦
hire
v. 租出,雇给
prince
n. 君主,诸候
Florentine
n. 佛罗伦萨人
funeral
n. 葬礼
dedicate
v. 奉献,题献给
memory
n. 纪念
valiant
adj. 英勇的
本文参考译文
曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:"人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手。
600年前,约翰
