基本介绍:
IBT听力中的修辞题是从听力段落中抽取一段含有某种修辞手法的句子，然后明辨该修辞手法的功能和目的。托福听力中常见的修辞方法有比喻，夸张，比拟，接待，反问等等。修辞方法的运用，无非是谈话人为了丰富其语言色彩，达到化平淡为生动，化深奥为浅显，化抽象为具体的效果，或是为了深化谈话人的意图，突出言辞的震撼力。要正确回答修辞类型的提问，考生应结合语境和气氛，深刻领会谈话人的真正目的。
出现位置:
IBT听力中的修辞题通常出现在课堂演讲(lectures)部分，在2个长对话，4个课堂演讲中，一般占5至6题。
出题形式
修辞题通常都是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 例如:
Why does the professor say this? (询问使用了何种修辞手段)
A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.
B: To elicit an answer from the students.
C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.
D: To describe an imaginative situation.
How dies the professor illustrate his point about ___? (询问谈话人是如何创造了某种修辞手段的)
A: By comparing X to Y
B: By giving an example of X
Why does the professor say so? (节选了演讲中某一带有修辞用法的部分，让考生回答为什么谈话人用此修辞)
A: To point out a flaw
B: To repeat a point
C: To define an important term
D: To exemplify a key point
解题技巧:
1. 听原文时即可适时判断谈话人的真实意图，谈话人某句讲话修辞手法运用明显之时，往往就是考点出现之处。
2. 熟悉常用修辞手段，如比喻(又分明喻，暗喻等)， 夸张，比拟，例证，借代，反问， 反复，设问等等。
3. 注意根据上线问和谈话气氛来综合回答问题，不要脱离主题凭空猜测谈话人的修辞意图。例如:
(一)
Professor: Through much of the last century, America’s faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.
Narrator:
Listen again to a part of the lecture. Then answer the question.
Professor: …Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.
Why does the professor say this?
A: To encourage the students to think about the issue under a bigger context.
B: To elicit an answer from the students.
C: To compare two different things figuratively to engage his students.
D: To describe an imaginative situation.
解析:
该题是询问为何使用某种修辞手法.
从谈话节选段落中我们很容易看出, 教授使用的是暗喻的方法.
该段落大概的意思是: 在上个世纪的大部分时间里, 美国式民主和自由的信仰如石沉大海,波澜不惊: 而今, 却如清风拂絮, 撒落人间.
暗喻的方式是为了形成对比, 从而激起听者的想象力, 活跃课堂谈话的气氛.
综上所述正确答案为C.
(二)
Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
Professor: Although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.
Why does the professor say so?
A: To point out the advantage.
B: To repeat a point
C: To define an important point.
D: To exemplify a key point
解析:
在看到题目的时候,注意不要脱离修辞谈具体，想想原材料中的具体的情形.
另外有的干扰选项会脱离原文，即前面所说的不结合上下文和气氛进行臆断。所以要多多注意. |
