helpful B. kind C. sensible D. effective
John’s mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature.
appearance B. personality C. outlook D. temper
Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in the industry, and competition from other types of financial firms.
cheating B. pollution C. abuse D. depression
Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it’s illuminated.
decorated B. illustrated C. lit up D. studied carefully
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.
freedom B. assistance C. clues D. funds
Courageous people think quickly and act without hesitation.
delay B. anxiety C. complaint D. consideration
Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago.
hard to imagine B. hard to believe C. hard to invent D. hard to understand
You have to pay a (n) premium for express delivery.
extra tip B. extra bonus C. extra charge D. extra price
An international treaty signed several years ago bans trade in plants and animals of endangered species.
promotes B. protects C. forbids D. eliminates
III. Reading Comprehension ( 40 points )
Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the BEST choices and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer SHEET.
Passage 1
Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage.
Adam Smith, writing in the 1770s, was the first person to see the importance of the division of labor and to explain part of its advantages. He gives as an example the process by which pins were made in England.
“One man draws out the wire; another strengthens it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head. To make the head requires two or three operations. To put it on is a separate operation, to polish the pins is another. And the important business of making pins is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.”
Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins per worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, none of them could have made twenty pins in a day and perhaps not even one.
There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took it for granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for economic growth and development and that it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new; it only enables people to produce more of what they already have. |