13、编写一个程序,输入两个包含5个元素的数组,先将两个数组升序排列,然后将这两个数组合并成一个升序数组。 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
void main() 
{ 
int i,j,k,a[6]={0},b[6]={0},c[11]={0},sub1(); 
clrscr(); 
printf("\nplease input 5 int numbers to array1: "); 
for(i=1;i<=5;i++) //a[0] for no use 
scanf("%d",&a[i]); 
getchar(); 
sub1(a,5); 
printf("\nplease input 5 int numbers to array2: "); 
for(i=1;i<=5;i++) //b[0] for no use 
scanf("%d",&b[i]); 
getchar(); 
sub1(b,5); 
printf("\nthe sorted array a is:\n\n"); 
for(i=1;i<=5;i++) 
printf("a[%d]=%d ",i,a[i]); 
printf("\n"); 
printf("\nthe sorted array b is:\n\n"); 
for(i=1;i<=5;i++) 
printf("b[%d]=%d ",i,b[i]); 
k=i=j=1; 
while(i<=5&&j<=5) 
if(a[i]<b[j]) 
c[k++]=a[i++]; //c[0] for no use 
else 
c[k++]=b[j++]; 
if(i<j) //appending the rest ones in array a 
for(;i<=5;i++) 
c[k++]=a[i]; 
else //appending the rest ones in array b 
for(;j<=5;j++) 
c[k++]=b[j]; 
printf("\n\n"); 
printf("\nthe merged array c is:\n\n"); 
for(k=1;k<=10;k++) 
{ 
if(k==6) 
printf("\n"); 
printf("c[%d]=%d ",k,c[k]); 
} 
while(!kbhit()); 
} 
int sub1(int b[],int n) 
{ 
int t,i,j,post; 
for(i=1;i<n;i++) 
{ 
post=i; 
for(j=i+1;j<=n;j++) 
if(b[post]>b[j]) 
post=j; 
if(post!=i) 
{ 
t=b[i]; 
b[i]=b[post]; 
b[post]=t; 
} 
} 
return 0; 
} 
14、耶稣有13个门徒,其中有一个就是出卖耶稣的叛徒,请用排除法找出这位叛徒:13人围坐一圈,从第一个开始报号:1,2,3,1,2,3……,凡是报到“3”就退出圈子,最后留在圈内的人就是出卖耶稣的叛徒,请找出它原来的序号。 
/* 
// approach one 
#define N 13 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
struct person 
{ 
int number; //its order in the original circle 
int nextp; //record its next person 
}; 
struct person link[N+1]; //link[0] for no use 
void main() 
{ 
int i,count,next; //count for 12 persons,and 
//next for the person not out of circle yet 
clrscr(); 
for (i=1;i<=N;i++) 
{ 
link[i].number=i; //numbering each person 
if(i==N) 
link[i].nextp=1; 
else 
link[i].nextp=i+1; //numbering each next person 
} 
printf("\nThe sequence out of the circle is:\n"); 
for(next=1,count=1;count<N;count++) //count until 12 persons 
{ 
i=1; 
while (i!=3) //i counts 1,2,3 
{ 
do //skip the ones whose numbers are zero 
next=link[next].nextp; 
while(link[next].number==0); //end of do 
i++; 
} 
printf("%3d ",link[next].number); 
link[next].number=0; //indicate out of circle already 
do //start from the ones whose numbers are not zero next time 
next=link[next].nextp; 
while(link[next].number==0); 
} 
printf("\n\nThe betrayer of them is:"); 
for(i=1;i<=N;i++) 
if(link[i].number) 
printf("%3d\n",link[i].number); 
getch(); 
} 
*/ 
// approach two using cyclic list 
#define N 13 
#define LEN sizeof(struct person) 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
#include<alloc.h> 
#include<stdlib.h> 
// struct person //permit struct placed here// 
// { 
// int number; 
// struct person *next; 
// }; 
void main() 
{ 
int i,count; 
struct person //or permit struct placed here also// 
{ 
int number; 
struct person *next; 
}; 
struct person *head,*p1,*p2; 
clrscr(); 
head=p2=NULL; 
for(i=1;i<=N;i++) 
{ 
p1=(struct person *)malloc(LEN); 
p1->number=i; 
if(head==NULL) 
head=p1; 
else 
p2->next=p1; 
p2=p1; 
} 
p2->next=head; 
printf("\nthe sequence out of the circle is:\n"); 
for (count=1;count<N;count++) 
{ 
i=1; 
while(i!=3) 
{ 
p1=head; 
head=head->next; 
i++; 
} 
p2=head; 
printf("%3d ",p2->number); 
p1->next=head=p2->next; 
free(p2); 
} 
printf("\nThe betrayer of them is:\n%3d",head->number); 
getch(); 
} 
15、编写一个程序,根据用户输入的不同边长,输出其菱形。例如,边长为3的菱形为: 

16、按如下图形打印杨辉三角形的前10行。其特点是两个腰上的数都为1,其它位置上的每一个数是它上一行相邻两个整数之和。 
 
 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
#define N 10 
void main() 
{ 
int i,j,k,a[N][N]; 
clrscr(); 
for(i=0;i<N;i++) //initialize a[N][N] 
{ 
a[i][0]=1; 
a[i][i]=1; 
} 
for(i=2;i<N;i++) //calculate 
for(j=1;j<i;j++) 
a[i][j]=a[i-1][j-1]+a[i-1][j]; 
for(i=0;i<N;i++) //output 
{ 
for(k=0;k<=3*(N-i);k++) 
printf(" "); 
for(j=0;j<=i;j++) 
printf("%6d",a[i][j]); 
printf("\n\n"); 
} 
getch(); 
} 
17、某班有5个学生,三门课。分别编写3个函数实现以下要求: 
(1) 求各门课的平均分; 
(2) 找出有两门以上不及格的学生,并输出其学号和不及格课程的成绩; 
(3) 找出三门课平均成绩在85-90分的学生,并输出其学号和姓名 
主程序输入5个学生的成绩,然后调用上述函数输出结果。 
#define SNUM 5 /*student number*/ 
#define CNUM 3 /*course number*/ 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
/*disp student info*/ 
void DispScore(char num[][6],char name[][20],float score[][CNUM]) 
{ 
int i,j; 
printf("\n\nStudent Info and Score:\n"); 
for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) 
{ 
printf("%s ",num[i]); 
printf("%s ",name[i]); 
for(j=0;j<CNUM;j++) 
printf("%8.2f",score[i][j]); 
printf("\n\n"); 
} 
} 
/*calculate all student average score*/ 
void CalAver(float score[][CNUM]) 
{ 
float sum,aver; 
int i,j; 
for(i=0;i<CNUM;i++) 
{ 
sum=0; 
for(j=0;j<SNUM;j++) 
sum=sum+score[j][i]; 
aver=sum/SNUM; 
printf("Average score of course %d is %8.2f\n",i+1,aver); 
} 
} 
/*Find student: two courses no pass*/ 
void FindNoPass(char num[][6],float score[][CNUM]) 
{ 
int i,j,n; 
printf("\nTwo Course No Pass Students:\n"); 
for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) 
{ 
n=0; 
for(j=0;j<CNUM;j++) 
if(score[i][j]<60) 
n++; 
if(n>=2) 
{ 
printf("%s ",num[i]); 
for(j=0;j<CNUM;j++) 
if(score[i][j]<60) 
printf("%8.2f",score[i][j]); 
printf("\n"); 
} 
} 
} 
/*Find student: three courses 85-90*/ 
void FindGoodStud(char num[][6],char name[][20],float score[][CNUM]) 
{ 
int i,j,n; 
printf("\nScore of three courses between 85 and 90:\n"); 
for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) 
{ 
n=0; 
for(j=0;j<CNUM;j++) 
if(score[i][j]>=85&&score[i][j]<=90) 
n++; 
if(n==3) 
printf("%s %s\n",num[i],name[i]); 
} 
} 
/*input student info*/ 
void main() 
{ 
char num[SNUM][6],name[SNUM][20]; //array num refers to student number 
float score[SNUM][CNUM]; //and its length is 6 
int i,j; 
clrscr(); 
printf("\nPlease input student num and score:\n"); 
for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) 
{ 
printf("\n\nStudent%d number: ",i+1); 
scanf("%s",num[i]); 
printf("\nStudent%d name: ",i+1); 
scanf("%s",name[i]); 
printf("\nStudent%d three scores: ",i+1); 
for(j=0;j<CNUM;j++) 
scanf("%f",&score[i][j]); 
} 
DispScore(num,name,score); 
CalAver(score); 
FindNoPass(num,score); 
FindGoodStud(num,name,score); 
getch(); 
} 
18、编写一人个求X的Y次幂的递归函数,X为double型,y为int型,要求从主函数输入x,y的值,调用函数求其幂。 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
double fact(double x,int y) 
{ 
if(y==1) 
return x; 
else 
return x*fact(x,y-1); 
} 
void main() 
{ 
double x; 
int y; 
clrscr(); 
printf("\nPlease x,y:"); 
scanf("%lf%d",&x,&y); 
printf("\nx^y=%.2lf",fact(x,y)); 
getch(); 
} 
19、打印魔方阵。 
所谓魔方阵是指这样的的方阵: 
它的每一行、每一列和对角线之和均相等。 
输入n,要求打印由自然数1到n2的自然数构成的魔方阵(n为奇数)。 
例如,当n=3时,魔方阵为: 
  8 1 6 
  3 5 7 
  4 9 2 
魔方阵中各数排列规律为: 
① 将“1”放在第一行的中间一列; 
② 从“2”开始直到n×n为止的各数依次按下列规则存放:每一个数存放的行比前一个数的行数减1,列数同样加1; 
③ 如果上一数的行数为1,则下一个数的行数为n(最下一行),如在3×3 方阵中,1在第1行,则2应放在第3行第3列。 
④ 当上一个数的列数为n时,下一个数的列数应为1,行数减1。如2在第3行第3列,3应在第2行第1列。 
⑤如果按上面规则确定的位置上已有数,或上一个数是第1行第n列时,则把下一个数放在上一个数的下面。如按上面的规定,4应放在第1行第2列,但该位置已被1占据,所以4就放在3的下面。由于6是第1行第3列(即最后一列),故7放在6下面。 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
#define Max 15 
void main() 
{ 
int i,row,col,odd; 
int m[Max][Max]; 
clrscr(); 
printf("\nPlease input an odd:"); 
scanf("%d",&odd); 
if(odd<=0||odd%2==0) 
{ 
printf("\nInput Error!\n"); 
getch(); 
return 0; 
} 
printf("\nodd=%d\n\n",odd); 
row=0; 
col=odd/2; //1 placed in the middle of the first row 
for(i=1;i<=odd*odd;i++) 
{ 
m[row][col]=i; 
if(i%odd==0) //to the last col 
if(row==odd-1) //to the last row 
row=0; 
else 
row++; 
else //outmost else 
{ 
if(row==0) 
row=odd-1; 
else 
row--; 
if(col==odd-1) 
col=0; 
else 
col++; 
} //end of outmost else 
} //end of for 
for(row=0;row<odd;row++) 
{ 
for(col=0;col<odd;col++) 
printf("%4d",m[row][col]); 
printf("\n\n"); 
} 
getch(); 
return 0; 
} 
20、找出一个二维数组中的“鞍点”,即该位置上的元素在该行中最大,在该列中最小(也可能没有“鞍点”),打印出有关信息。 
#define N 20 
#define M 20 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
void main( ) 
{ 
int a[N][M]; //int a[][]; not allowed here 
int i,j,k,row,col,n,m,find=0; 
clrscr(); 
printf("\nEnter n & m:\n\n"); 
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); 
printf("\nEnter a[0][0]--a[%d][%d]\n\n",n-1,m-1); 
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 
for(j=0;j<m;j++) 
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); 
printf("\n\nThe array you have just entered is:\n"); 
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 
{ 
for(j=0;j<m;j++) 
printf("%5d",a[i][j]); 
printf("\n\n"); 
} 
//find the point 
for(i=0;i<n;i++) 
{ 
for(col=0,j=1;j<m;j++) 
if(a[i][col]<a[i][j]) //find col,select sort according to col 
col=j; 
for(row=0,k=1;k<n;k++) 
if(a[row][col]>a[k][col]) //find row,select sort according to row 
row=k; 
if(i==row) 
{ 
find=1; 
printf("The point is a[%d][%d].\n",row,col); 
} 
} 
if(!find) 
printf("\nNo solution.\n"); 
getch(); 
} 
21、马克思在《数学手稿》中提出如下问题:有30个人(包括男人、女人和小孩)在一家饭店吃饭共花50先令,其中每个男人花3先令,每个女人花2先令, 
每个小孩花1先令,问男人、女人、小孩各有多少人? 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
void main() 
{ 
int man,woman,child,money=50,count=30; 
int i,j,k; 
clrscr(); 
printf("They consist of:\n\n"); 
for(i=0;i<=count;i++) 
for(j=0;j<=count;j++) 
for(k=0;k<=count;k++) 
if(i+j+k==count&&3*i+2*j+k==money) 
{ 
printf("man=%2d woman=%2d child=%2d\n",i,j,k); 
printf("\n"); 
} 
getch(); 
} 
22、定义一个结构体变量(包括年、月、日),计算该日在本年中为第几天?(注意考虑闰年问题),要求写一个函数days,实现上面的计算。由主函数将年月日传递给days函数,计算后将日子传递回主函数输出。 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
struct ymd 
{ 
int day; 
int month; 
int year; 
}; 
int dayof[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}; 
int days(struct ymd *p) 
{ 
int i,d; 
if(p->year%4==0&&p->year%100!=0||p->year%400==0) 
dayof[2]=29; 
d=p->day; 
for(i=1;i<p->month;i++) 
d=d+dayof[i]; 
return (d); 
} 
void main() 
{ 
struct ymd date; 
int d; 
clrscr(); 
for (;;) 
{ 
printf("\n-----------------------------------\n\n"); 
printf("date(yyyy/mm/dd)=? (yyyy=0--Exit)\n\n"); 
scanf("%d/%d/%d",&date.year,&date.month,&date.day); 
if(date.year==0) 
break; 
d=days(&date); 
printf("\nThe day of the year is %d !\n\n",d); 
} 
} 
23、建立一个链表,每个结点包括:学号、姓名、性别、年龄,输入一个学号,如果链表中的结点包括该学号,则输出该结点内容后,并将其结点删去。 
#define LEN sizeof(struct stud_node) 
#include<conio.h> 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<string.h> 
struct stud_record 
{ 
char StudNo[6]; 
char StudName[10]; 
char StudSex; /*M---Male F---Female*/ 
int StudAge; 
}; 
struct stud_node 
{ 
struct stud_record stud_mem; 
struct stud_node *next; 
}; 
/*Create Student Linear table*/ 
struct stud_node *create() 
{ 
struct stud_node *head,*p,*q; 
char vno[6],vname[10],vsex; 
int vage; 
head=NULL; 
while(1) 
{ 
printf("\nPlease input a student record\n\nNo\tName\tSex\tAge\n\n"); 
scanf("%s",vno); 
getchar(); 
if(strcmp(vno,"0")==0) //when vno=="0" to exit 
break; 
scanf("%s",vname); 
getchar(); 
scanf("%c%d",&vsex,&vage); 
getchar(); 
p=(struct stud_node *)malloc(LEN); //allocate space to node p 
strcpy(p->stud_mem.StudNo,vno); 
strcpy(p->stud_mem.StudName,vname); 
p->stud_mem.StudSex=vsex; 
p->stud_mem.StudAge=vage; 
if(head==NULL) 
head=p; 
else 
q->next=p; //q is the previous node of p 
q=p; 
} 
if(head!=NULL) 
q->next=NULL; //the last node has no child 
return head; 
} 
/*Find a student and If Found then Delete the node*/ 
struct stud_node *delete(struct stud_node *head,char no[6]) 
{ 
struct stud_node *p,*q; 
p=head; 
q=p; 
while(p) 
{ 
if(strcmp(p->stud_mem.StudNo,no)==0) /*Delete the node*/ 
{ 
if(p==head) //delete the first node 
head=p->next; 
else 
{ 
if(p->next!=NULL) //delete the middle node 
q->next=p->next; 
else //delete the last node 
q->next=NULL; 
} 
printf("\n\t\t%s\t%s\t%c\t%d\n",p->stud_mem.StudNo,p->stud_mem.StudName, 
p->stud_mem.StudSex,p->stud_mem.StudAge); 
free(p); 
break; 
} 
q=p; 
p=p->next; 
} 
return head; 
} 
/*Disp linear table content*/ 
void prn(struct stud_node *head) 
{ 
struct stud_node *p; 
int i=1; 
p=head; 
printf("\nRecord\tNo\tName\tSex\tAge\n"); 
while(p) 
{ 
printf("%3d\t%s\t%s\t%c\t%d\n",i,p->stud_mem.StudNo,p->stud_mem.StudName, 
p->stud_mem.StudSex,p->stud_mem.StudAge); 
p=p->next; 
i++; 
} 
} 
/*main program here*/ 
void main() 
{ 
struct stud_node *head; 
char no[6]; 
clrscr(); 
head=create(); 
prn(head); 
getch(); 
printf("\nPlease input a studno to Find:"); 
gets(no); 
head=delete(head,no); 
prn(head); 
getch(); 
} 
24、给定一个日期,求出该日为星期几(已知2002-3-28为星期四)。 
#include<stdio.h> 
#include<conio.h> 
struct ymd 
{ 
int year; 
int month; 
int day; 
}; 
/*if a year is a leap one*/ 
int yn_rn(int year) 
{ 
if(year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0) 
return 1; 
else 
return 0; 
} 
/*return which day in the year*/ 
int d_of_day(struct ymd dayof) 
{ 
int days[13]={0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}; 
int i,d=0; 
if(yn_rn(dayof.year)) 
days[2]=29; 
for(i=1;i<dayof.month;i++) 
d=d+days[i]; 
return(d+dayof.day); 
} 
/*return the positive days if day1>day2,or negative days if day1<day2*/ 
int day_diff(struct ymd day1,struct ymd day2) 
{ 
int d1,d2,i,diff=0; 
d1=d_of_day(day1); 
d2=d_of_day(day2); 
if(day1.year>day2.year) 
{ 
for(i=day2.year;i<day1.year;i++) 
if(yn_rn(i)) 
diff=diff+366; 
else 
diff=diff+365; 
} 
else 
{ 
for(i=day1.year;i<day2.year;i++) 
if(yn_rn(i)) 
diff=diff-366; 
else 
diff=diff-365; 
} 
return diff+d1-d2; 
} 
void main() 
{ 
struct ymd oldday,day; 
int oldweek,week,diff; 
char *rq[7]={"Sun","Mon","Tue","Wen","Thu","Fri","Sat"}; 
clrscr(); 
/*2003-4-3: Thursday*/ 
oldday.year=2003; 
oldday.month=4; 
oldday.day=3; 
oldweek=4; 
printf("\nPlease input day(YYYY-MM-DD):"); 
scanf("%d-%d-%d",&day.year,&day.month,&day.day); 
diff=day_diff(day,oldday); 
week=(diff%7+oldweek)%7; 
printf("\n%d*%d-%d: %s\n",day.year,day.month,day.day,rq[week]); 
getch(); 
}