8. B【句意】城邦之间不断的冲突导致了希腊文明最终的衰落。
【解析】continual意为"经常不断的,常常的(中间可能有间隔)",如:Continual smoking is bad to one's health.经常抽烟有害身体健康。continuous 指连续不断而且绝对不中断,如: The continuous work made me completely exhausted. 不间断的工作使我筋疲力尽。constant可用来指习惯性的重复,如:Constant practice will make you overcome difficulties.经常训练会使你克服困难。 contrary作"相反的"讲,如: Any contrary policy is absolutely wrong. 任何相反的政策都是绝对错误的。
9. A【句意】用传统的墨水印刷大约需要三十美分,而防摩擦的墨水至少要贵十美分。
【解析】furthermore(此外,而且),meanwhile(同时)和moreover(再者,此外)均是副词,都不能引导从句。只有while是连词,意为"虽然",含有让步之意,可以引导从句,如:While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 虽然我承认这些问题很难,但我不认为它们不能解决。
10. A【句意】对这条建议,大家有些话要说。
【解析】"There is something (nothing, little, plenty) to be said for …"是一个句型,意为"……有一定(没有,几乎没有,很有)道理",如:There is something to be said for both sides of the issue. 看起来争论的双方都有一定道理。
11. C【句意】如果没有你的帮助,我们不会克服那些困难。
【解析】根据句子结构,我们可以看出逗号后面是使用了虚拟语气的主句,因此,须填入表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句,"if it were not for …"这一结构表示同现在事实相反的假设,意为"如果不是……",例如:If it weren't for his wife's money, he'd never be a director."如果不是他妻子有钱,他永远不会成为一名董事。If it were not for his help, I would never study here.如果没有他的帮助,我永远不会在这儿学习。因此,BIf it were not 错误。"if it had not been for …"的倒装形式为"had it not been for …",表示与过去事实相反的假设,意为"如果当时没有……",主句谓语形式是"would + have done",例如:If it had not been for Dr. Li, he would have died of smallpox. 如果当初不是李医生的话,他已死于天花了。Had it not been for his carelessness, the project wouldn't have failed. 当时如果不是他粗心的话,这项工程不会失败。因此,C. Had it not been正确,A. Had it not错误(如果后跟been,就是正确的了),D. If we had not been无此结构。
12. A【句意】可能他听说了这条消息。
【解析】"(The) chances are (that)"常用于口语中,意为"很可能",如:The chances are that he is staying at home. 他很可能呆在家里。
13. C【句意】尽管他知识渊博,也受过教育,但本质上比较愚蠢。
【解析】for all意为"尽管,虽然",如:For all you say, I still like him. 尽管你这样说,我还是喜欢他。but for作"要不是,若非"讲,如:But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey. 要不是下雨,我们就会去做一次很愉快的旅行了。according to意为"依照,根据".thanks to则做"幸亏,由于"讲,如:Thanks to your help, we were successful. 由于你的帮忙,我们得以成功。
14. A【句意】一从日本回来,李教授直接去了实验室,开始和同事们一起工作。
【解析】"upon (on) + 表示行为的名词"相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。
15. C【句意】就我来说,其他的安排可能更好。
【解析】"as far as … be concerned"是固定搭配,意为"就……来说,就……而论",如:It is impossible as far as we are concerned. 对于我们来说,这是不可能的。so far意为"迄今为止",如:The weather has been hot so far this summer. 到目前为止,今年夏天天气一直很热。as for意为"至于……",后跟名词或代词,不可跟从句。如:As for my past, I'm not telling you anything. 至于我的历史,我什么都不会告诉你。so far from意为"非但不" ,如:So far from taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against. 他非但不接受我的劝告,反而去干了我告诫他别干的事。