People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man's release of completely new and often artificial (人造)substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质), such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.  

Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up there or four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us no only to buy thing we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.

 [文章大意及重要词汇]

     现在全世界的人们开始听到关于污染问题（pollution）的讨论，对它的了解也越来越多。污染主要是由于人类向自然界排放人造（artificial）物质（substance）和自然物质所引起的，油轮（tanker）的石油对大海的污染。

    姑且不管污染的原因是什么，毫无疑问大多数污染可以得到控制，如果公司、个人、和政府（government）都做出努力（make more efforts）。很明显，各个家庭也需要减少垃圾和资源浪费。有些食品进行了三、四层包装，但这些包装（package）最终还需要处理掉，各种饮料也开始以瓶子和易拉罐（tin）等包装出售，并且他们不能够被再利用的。这样就造成大量垃圾的出现，和对玻璃、金属（metal）和纸张的浪费。广告（advertising）通过劝说（persuading）许多人不卖他们不需要的东西和尽量减少他们需要买的东西，有助于减轻污染。污染和浪费问题在大家的努力下，通过减少对不必要的东西的购买、避免无节制（excess）的使用和谨慎处置日常垃圾得以解决。

6. The main cause of pollution is______.  
  [A] the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment 
  [B] the production of new industrial goods 
  [C] increased amounts of a natural substance 
  [D] our ever-increasing population 
答案：A 细节题。污染的主要原因是？A，大量的人造物质和自然物质向自然界的排放。文章的第一段话，Pollution is caused either by man's release of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from oil tankers into the sea，可以看出，污染主要是由于人类向自然界排放人造物质和自然物质所引起的，所以选A。  

7. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only______. 
  [A] people would pay more attention to the problem 
  [B] governments would take effective measures 
  [C] all sides concerned would make more efforts