2002年北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试A卷试题
Part I Reading Comprehension
Passage1
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.
Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers ,resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.
One type of test is sometimes called an "objective" test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
[文章大意及重要词汇]
古代（ancient），最重要的考试（examination）是口试而不是笔试。古希腊和古罗马时期，学校的考试由吟诗（poetry）和演讲两部分组成。
中世纪欧洲的大学里，那些攻读高学位的学生必须在和他哪个领域里有很大研究成果的学者进行讨论。这一传统现在保持下来，用于申请博士学位的学生。
整体上来讲，现在的考试是笔试。所有的学生都做相同的题目的笔试大概到十九世纪才出现。它的出现（came into existence）可能是由于人口（population）的大量增长和现代工业的发展。所有的考生都在一个房间，规定的时间，有监考老师，就像汽车制造厂的工人一样。大体上讲，学生就像机器一样。
一种类型的考试叫做“客观性”考试，它主要是关于事实而不是个人看法，要出一份客观性考试的试题，老师写出一系列的问题，没有问题只有一个正确答案，随时每个问题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的，而另外三个对那些没有好好准备的考生来说具有很大迷惑性。
1. In the Middle Ages students_________.
A. took objective tests B. specialized in one subject
C. were timed by electric clocks D. never wrote exams
答案：D 细节题。答案依据第一段第一句话“In ancient times…(在古代，最重要的考试都是口试，没有笔试)” 。
2. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that_________.
A. workers now take examination B. the population has grown
C. there are only written exams D. examinations are now written and timed
答案：D 主旨题。第三段一开始就谈到“一般来讲， 现在的考试都是笔试；”随后又谈到“所有的考生在一个房间，规定时间，有监考老师。”所以D是正确答案。
3. The kind of exams where students must select answers are_________.
A. personal B. spoken C. objective D. written
答案：C 细节题。答案在最后一段可找到：“出客观题的时候，老师先出一系列的问题，每个问题后面都附有一个正确答案，和几个相似的答案。学生被要求找出正确答案。”因此：“学生必须选答案的考试是客观考试。”C是正确答案。
4. Modern industry must have developed_________.
A. before the Middle Ages B. around the 19th century
C. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests
答案：B推理题。答案在文章的第三段可以找到。“The written examination was not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry.”因此，笔试是19世纪才为大家所知，可能是由于人口的增加和现代工业的发展。
5. It may be concluded that testing_________.
A. should test only opinions B. should always be written
C. has changed since the Middle Ages D. is given only in factories
答案：C推理题。因为A,B,D的内容文章中都没有提到。C的意思是“自从中世纪开始，考试开始了变化。”符合文章的内容。
passage2
The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market.
In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting (报价), what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such
information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor's offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.
Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course , there are some other ways of making market investigations.
[文章大意及重要词汇]
市场调查(market investigation)对扩大销路(sales promotion)是必不可少的(indispensable)，可以说(so to speak)，他们之间的关系就像牙齿和嘴唇一样密切。你要生产的物品是在市场上销售的。不首先进行市场调查，产品很难卖出去的。
在国际(international)市场上，来自世界各地的商品很多，商家面临着激烈的竞争（keen competition）。在这样的情况下（under such circumstances），他们要想尽一切办法来使自己熟悉（familiarize）市场，才能打开销路。在市场调查中我们应该了解我们的对手生产类似产品的情况，他们的报价(quoting)，他们产品的特征，谁是他们的固定消费者等等，那么，我们如何获得这些信息呢？有很多渠道（channels）都可以帮助我们获取信息。在海外设置（stationed）商业咨询办公室，可以帮助我们获取市场信息。现在有些进出口公司（corporation）也不定期的想海外派商业访问团，其中的一个目的就是做现场（on the spot）调查。
当然，面对面的和外商交谈也是一个很重要的获取信息的渠道。中国出口商品展会（fairs）和其他类似的展会和外商的来访参观，也给我们提供了信息交流的机会（opportunity）。当然，还有其他别的市场调查方法。
6. In making market investigation , one should_________.
A. get enough information concerned B. advertise his products
C. produce high quality goods D. none of the above
答案：A细节题。答案在文章的第二段可以找到。“在市场调查中我们应该了解我们的对手生产类似产能包括这些内容。
7. The word "indispensable" in the first line means_________.
A. impossible B. essential C. advisable D. available
答案：B词汇题。indispensable:必不可少的，必须的。通常和介词to 连接。又如：Oxygen is indispensable to life.氧气对生命是不可缺的。所以只有B 的意思最接近。
8. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. The relationship between market investigation and sales promotion is just as that of the lips and teeth.
B. It is impossible to succeed in selling a product without market investigation.
C. There are various ways of making market investigation.
D. Production goes before market investigation.
答案：D细节题。D的意思是“生产先与市场调查”不符合文章的内容。
9. Making market investigation is very important because_________.
A. in market, goods on sale are numerous B. every producer is facing keen competition
C. it can greatly promote sales D. all of the above
答案：D细节题。根据文章第二段的内容：“在国际市场上，来自世界各地的商品很多，商家面临着激烈的竞争。在这种情况下，他们要想尽一切办法来使自己熟悉市场，才能打开销路。”所以只有D的内容最全面。
10. All the following are channels to get market information except _________.
A. to have commercial counselor’s office of our embassies stationed abroad
B. to promote the quality of our own products
C. to send trade groups abroad every now and then
D. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen
答案：B细节题。文章第三段末尾和第四段都谈到了获得市场信息的渠道“驻外使馆里设立商务参赞；经常向国外派贸易代表团；和外商进行面对面的谈判。”惟独没有提到自己产品的质量。所以B是错误的。
Passage3
On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln went to Gettysburg in Pennsylvania to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery. The Civil War was still going on. There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness. The principal speaker was to be Edward Everett, a famous statesman and speaker of the day. Everett was a handsome man and very popular everywhere.
It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech. The next day Everett spoke first. He spoke for an hour and 57 minutes. His speech was a perfect example of the rich oratory of the day. Then Lincoln rose. The crowd of 15,000 people at first paid little attention to him. He spoke for only nine minutes. At the end there was little applause. Lincoln turned to a friend and remarked , "I have failed again." On the train back to Washington, he said sadly, "That speech was a flat failure, and the people are disappointed."
Some newspapers at first criticized the speech. But little by little as people read the speech they began to understand better. They began to appreciate its simplicity and its deep meaning. It was a speech which only Abraham Lincoln could have made.
Today, every American school child learns Lincoln's Gettysburg Address by heart. Now everyone thinks of it as one of the greatest speeches ever given in American history.
[文章大意及重要词汇]
1863年报11月9日林肯到宾夕尼亚州的葛底斯堡（Gettysburg）国家公墓做演说，但是内战仍在进行中，对林肯总统的批评（criticism）也很多，他一点都不受大家的欢迎（popular）。而他之所以被邀请去做演说完全是出于礼貌。当时主要的演讲者是维莱特，他是当时有名的演说家和政治家，人长的很帅也很受欢迎。
据说，林肯的演讲稿是在去葛底斯堡的火车上写的。那天晚上，他既孤独有疲倦（tired out），只是简单的准备了一下。第二天第一个眼睛的是维莱特，他说来足足一个小时和57分钟，他的演讲技术（oratory）高超是当时完美演讲的典范。然后林肯站了起来，当时在场的15，000人根本不把他放在眼里，他只讲了九分钟，最终也很少人给他鼓掌（applause）。林肯转过身对他的一个朋友说，“我又失败了”在回华盛顿（Washington）的火车上，他很伤心地说，“这个演讲是一个极大的失败，听众也很失望。”
起初，许多报纸对他的演讲进行抨击，然后人们才渐渐的开始的更好的理解它，并非常欣赏（appreciate）它的简洁（simplicity）和蕴涵的深层含义。也只有林肯才能做出这样的演讲来。
如今美国所有的在校学生都能背诵（learn by heart）他的演讲。现在所有的人都认为他的演讲是美国历史上最好的演讲之一。
11. In 1863, Abraham Lincoln was_________.
A. very critical B. unpopular C. very popular D. very courteous
答案：B细节题。答案可以在第一段的第三句话找到：“There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time. He was not at all popular,”
12. Lincoln was invited to speak at the National Soldiers Cemetery because he was_________.
A. a famous speaker B. a very handsome man C. President of the country D. a popular statesman
答案：C推理题。答案可以在第一段找到。“He was not at all popular. He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness.” “当时林肯一点也不受欢迎，他被邀请去演讲仅仅是出于礼貌，因为他是总统。”
13. It can be inferred from the text that_________.
A. Lincoln prepared his speech very carefully before he went to Gettysburg
B. Lincoln was very busy at the time and didn't have much time to prepare his speech
C. Lincoln's speech was full of rich words
D. Lincoln's speech was very long
答案：B推理题。答案在文章的第二段的开始可以找到。“It is said that Lincoln prepared his speech on the train while going to Gettysburg. Late that night, alone in his hotel room and tired out, he again worked briefly on the speech.”“据说林肯是在去葛底斯堡的火车上准备他的演讲的。那天深夜，在宾馆的房间里，他既孤独又疲倦， 只是简单准备了一下。”所以通过这些句子我们可以判断林肯非常的忙，没有更多的时间准备他的演讲，B是正确答案。A,C,D,均不符合文章的内容。
14. It was a fact that Lincoln's speech was _________.
A. an immediate success B.warmly applauded
C. a total failure D. not well-received at first
答案：D推理题。答案可以在文章的第二段找到。“At the end there was little applause.”最后几乎没有什么掌声。所以他的演讲开始没有被大家接受，D 为正确答案。A, B, C 均不符合文章的内容。
15. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address has deep meaning.
B. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is simple in style.
C. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is memorized by every American school child.
D. Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is the greatest speech ever delivered in the United States.
答案：D细节题。答案可以在文章的第三段和第四段找到。“他的演讲含义深刻、风格简朴；如今美国所有的在校的学生都能背诵他的演讲；文章又谈到：“现在所有的人都认为他的演讲是美国历史上最好的演讲之一。”而不是美国最好的演讲。所以D是错误的。
passage4
Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it ,even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however ,they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.
In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.
So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of "body wisdom,＂ which humans soon lose. Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could. Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds ,while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.
[文章大意及重要词汇]
很可能，动物在饿的时候该是有理性的吃东西的，并且它们所吃的不会大于身体所需要的。实验已经告诉（demonstrate）我们，当在一段时间内，老鼠可以在两瓶水之间进行选择时，它们明显的偏好含有维他命（vitamin）的水而不喜欢不含维他命的水，尽管闻不出来也看不出来两者的区别。当给富含维他命的液体（fluid）里加入一种香味（flagrant）的时侯，老鼠似乎对产生了爱好（preference），即使在没有维他命的情况下，它们也一直喝下去。但是，很快它们就改变了这个习惯，并重新开始喝含有维他命的水了。
在一个经典的实验中，6到12个月的孩子给予了特殊的饮食安排（arrangement），它们可以有很多的食物选择，并且给予他们喜欢或者指到的食物。刚开始，他们的饮食习惯并不是很合理，过了一段时间之后他们培养了一种非常合理的饮食（well-balanced diet）习惯。
这样看来，就饮食习惯而言，婴儿和老鼠似乎知道也可以选择健康的饮食。但是，很显然人的这种“身体智慧（wisdom）”很快就消失了。多数吃的并非非常健康，我们的饮食习惯受文化和长期形成的习惯的影响。有人吃狐狸、狗、山鸟类食品，还有人吃乌鸦（crow）和猪。由此看来，人们吃什么和吃多少严重受到周围事物的影响（influence）。
16. In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat's drinking water to______.
A. ncourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water
B. find out rats preference in flavor
C. test whether rats know which drink is good for them
D.demonstrate that vitamins are tasteless
答案：C 细节题。答案在文章第一段：“It has been demonstrated that rats will ,when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles.”
17. The expression "the habit" (para.1, sentence 4) refers to drinking water which_________.
A. has no smell B. is tasteless C. has vitamins D. is flavored
答案：D细节题。因为第一段的最后谈到：“老鼠不停的喝有香味的含有维生素的液体，即使是维生素被换到了清水里面。然而，很快，他就改变了这个习惯，重新开始喝有维生素的水了。”所以句子中的habit 实际上指前面的喝有香味的水。所以D是正确答案。
18. According to the passage ,adults eating habits differ from those of babies because_________.
A. adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health
B. adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods
C. adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs
D. adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns
答案：C细节题。文章第二段的最后一句：“Babies managed to select well-balanced diet.”文章的第三段：“Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits.”因此成年人和婴儿的饮食习惯的不同点在于：“成年人的饮食习惯和他们的社会和文化习俗有关。”
19. The author implied in the passage that most of us_________.
A. eat a balanced diet
B. choose the food that is of nutrition
C. have the habits influenced by the surroundings
D. like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor
答案：C细节题。根据上下文，我们可以知道， 文章中并没有提到：“大多数人都有合理的饮食；选择有营养的食物以及喜欢吃有香味的食品。”因此A,B,D都是错误的。但是文章的最后一句话说：“What people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.”因此可以断定：“我们的饮食习惯受周围环境的影响。C是正确答案。
20. As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that______.
A. both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet B. both prefer flavored food and drink
C. both have the same eating patterns D. both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors
答案：A细节题。文章第二段的最后一句话说：“Babies managed to select well-balanced diet.”第三段的第一句话说：“in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what’s best for them. Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom.”” 因此可以推断：“婴儿和老鼠饮食习惯的相同点在于他们都会选择合理的饮食。”因此只有A 最符合题意。
Part II Vocabulary and Structure
21. You should be able to_________ right from wrong.
A. perceive B. distinguish C. sight D. observe
答案：B固定搭配。distinguish right from wrong 的意思是“分清是非”。所以B是正确答案。A 的意思是“感觉、觉察”，C 的意思是“看到、发现”，D的意思是“观察”均不符合题意。
22. Any student who _________ his homework is unlikely to pass the examination.
A. reduces B. offends C. practices D. neglects
答案：D词义辨析。本句话的意思是“任何作业不认真的同学都不可能通过考试”。A的意思“减少、缩小”，B的意思是“冒犯、得罪”，C的意思是“练习”，D的意思是“疏忽、玩忽”， 所以只有D和题的意思最接近。
23. I promised to look_________ the matter as soon as I got there.
A. for B. in C. into D after
答案：C短语辨析。“look into ”的意思是“调查”，本句的意思是“我保证一到那就调查这件事情”。“look for”：寻找。Will you help me look for my gloves? 你能帮我寻找我的手套吗？look in:朝里面看。I looked in my purse and discovered I’d only got a five-pound note.我朝钱包里一看，发现只有一张五英镑的钞票。 look after: 照顾、照看。He has looked after his elderly parents for many years. 他照料年迈的父母已经多年了。
24. Your sister has made an_________for you to see the dentist at 3 this afternoon.
A. appointment B. interview C. opportunity D. assignment
答案：A词义辨析。appointment 约会、约定，make (或fix)an appointment 预约，是固定搭配。interview 面试，opportunity: 机会，assignment:作业。
25. The committee is expected to_________ a decision this evening.
A. reach B. arrive C. bring D. take
答：A词义辨析。我们习惯上说：come to a decision, arrive at a decision, reach a decision,做出决定
26. He spoke so quickly that I didn't _________ what he said.
A. make for B. make sure C. make over D. make out
答案：D短语辨析。make out 有“辨认出、听出”的意思。又如：It was difficult to make out what was said over the loudspeaker in the square. 很难听清楚广场上的扩音喇叭里在说什么。make for: 走向，朝…前进。It’s late, we’d better make for home. 时间不早了，我们最好赶快回家。Make for the beach!向海滩前进！make sure: 设法保证。He went round making sure that all the windows were closed. 他巡视了一遍,看看所有的窗户是否都已关上。make over: 翻新、改造。The house has been made over into a school. 房屋已经改成一所学校。 Human nature can’t be made over so easily.人性并非那么容易改变的
27. I wrote it down_________I should forget it.
A. in case B. in case of C. in order that D. for fear of
答案：A短语辨析。in case:（连词）免得，以防万一。本句的意思是：“我写了下来，免得忘了”。又如：Keep the window closed in case it rains.把窗子关好，以防下雨。in case of (介词短语)：假使、如果发生。In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，即按铃。In order that （连词，引导目的状语从句）为了…In order that he should not be late , his mother woke him at 6. 为了不使他迟到，母亲在６点种叫醒他。for fear of:（介词）生怕、以免。She left an hour early for fear of missing her train. 她提早一小时离开以免误了火车。
28. It is not that I do not like plays. The reason why I did not go to the theater last night was that I could not_________the time.
A. offer B. leave C. afford D. manage
答案：C词义辨析。afford：（常接在can, be able to 后面）买得起，担负得起（损失、费用）He is not rich enough to afford a car. 他并不太富有，不能购置汽车。Can you afford the time?你能抽的出时间吗？
29. The chemical factory was demolished _________protecting the environment.
A. in spite of B. in honor of C. in favor of D. in the name of
答案：D短语辨析。in the name of :用…的名义，代表…。本句的意思是“以保护环境的名义，这个化学厂被拆除了。”又如：open an account in the name of John Smith 用约翰史密斯的名字开户。in spite of ：不顾，不管。In spite of what you say, I still believe he is honest. 不管你说什么，我还是相信他是诚实的。in honor of :为了向…表示敬意，为庆祝…为纪念…They gave a banquet in honor of the delegation .他们设宴招待代表团。in favour of:赞同，支持。He refused a job in government in favour of a university appointment.他拒绝了政府部门的工作而选择了大学的职业。D最符合题意。
30. After a three-hour heated discussion, all the members in the jury reached the conclusions that the man was_________ of murder.
A. criminal B. charged C. guilty D. faulty
答案 C词义辨析。 be guilty of :有罪的，有过失的。Be found guilty of murder 被判犯有谋杀罪。charge:（动词）控告，指责charge sb with murder指控某人犯谋杀罪。criminal (名词)罪犯。 faulty:有错误的，有缺点的。C 最符合题意。
31. Having finished the letter, he_________ it carefully and sealed the envelop with a kiss.
A. folded B. bent C. turned D. curved
答案：A词义辨析。fold:折叠，对折。fold a blanket (letter) 折毯子（信）。本句的意思是“他写完信，小心地把它叠起来，用舌头舔了一下，封上口。”因此A 最符合题意。bent:弯曲的。curve:使弯曲。
32. Last year_________ of new books were published on environmental protection.
A. the hundred B. hundreds C. a hundred D. one hundred
答案：B数字的表达。hundreds of new books :成百上千的新书 hundred, thousand, million前面若有具体的数字要用单数形式。如：five hundred, (500)。six thousand，(6000)。但如果它们后面有of，则要用复数形式，而且后面的名词也要用复数形式。同时，前面不能加具体的数目。又如：thousands of students：成千上万的学生millions of people：上百万的人。
33. Literature and art have a great influence_________people's ideology.
A. to B. on C. for D. onto
答案：B固定搭配。have an influence on … 影响，对…起作用。He had a great influence on my career.他对我的生涯有过巨大的影响。the influence of religion on society 宗教对社会的影响。
34. Just as a married man cannot leave his work ,a poor man cannot _________to get sick.
A. have B. go C. expect D. afford
答案：D词义辨析。afford：（常接在can, be able to 后面）买得起，担负得起（损失、费用）He is not rich enough to afford a car. 他并不太富有，不能购置汽车。Can you afford the time?你能抽的出时间吗？
35. , we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data.
A. As a whole B. As a rule C. On the average D. By all means
答案：B短语辨析。as a (general ) rule :通常，一般来说。B最符合题意。又如：As a rule, he doesn’t go to the office on Saturdays.星期六他通常不去办公室。as a whole:作为一个整体，整体来看：The temperature for the country as a whole is relatively high.这个国家的气温总的来说是较高的。on (an 或the) average: 按平均值，通常 On (the 或an ) average I work ten hours a day.我平均每天工作10小时。 by all means:尽一切办法，务必。By all means, I must visit my sick friend.我一定得去探望我那生病的朋友。
36. Nobody but a young woman _________the airplane crash.
A. endure B. rejected C. survived D. lived
答案：C词义辨析。survive: 从…中逃生，经历…后继续存在，是及物动词。Only two people survived the fire.这场大火中只有两个人幸免于死。The crops survived the drought.经过这次旱灾，庄稼还是活了下来。本句的意思是：“此飞机失事中，只有一个年轻妇女幸免遇难。”只有C的意思是正确的。endure: 忍耐，容忍。reject:拒绝。live ：居住，生活。
37. Professor Smith is always very _________ to the reaction of the audience when he gives lectures.
A. sentimental B. sensitive C. sensible D. positive
答案：B词义辨析。sensitive :敏感的 (to)，神经过敏的。We need to be more sensitive to the needs of the young students. 我们对青年学生的需求应更敏感。She is sensitive to criticism. 她对别人的批评很敏感。本句的意思是“史密斯教授演讲时对观众的反应非常的敏感。”因此，B最符合题意。sentimental: 多情的，情深的。sentimental poetry: 言情诗。sentimental love stories: 充满柔情的爱情小说。sensible: 明智的。a sensible choice：明智的抉择。a sensible suggestion： 合理的建议。positive: 肯定的，赞同的。
38. William has cut his smoking _________to five cigarettes a day.
A. down B. in C. off D. out
答案 A短语辨析。 cut down ：削减， 减少。We must cut our expenses down somehow. 我们得设法减少开支。A最符合题意。cut in：插嘴，打断。Don’t cut in when other people are talking.别人讲话时不要插嘴。cut off：使分离，使隔离。He was cut off from all his friends when he studied abroad. 他在出国留学期间跟所有的朋友中断了联系。 cut out：切去，割去。The doctor cut out his tonsils.医生割除了他的扁桃体。
39. He has lived here for years,_________ nobody knows what he is.
A. and but B. though C. and yet D. for all that
答案：C连词。本句的意思是：“虽然他在这里生活了好多年了，但是没有人知道他是做什么的。”从结构和逻辑关系上来讲，只有C是正确的。
40. I am very disappointed _________the results of the experiment.
A. from B. for C. to D. with
答案：D固定搭配。be disappointed with sth (sb) 对某人某事感到失望。
41. His few personal belongings made it possible for him to move from place to place_________.
A. in ease B. at ease C. with ease D. with easiness
答案：C固定搭配。with ease: 容易，不费力。These tiny bananas could be consumed six at a time with ease.这些小小的香蕉一次能吃下六只容易得很。C为正确答案。at ease：自在，不拘束。The examiner soon put the candidates at ease.考官很快就使考生们的情绪放松了。
42. I will never forget the ten years _________ we both spent in the little village.
A. when B. during which C. which D. in which
答案：C定语从句的关联词。关系代词which在定语从句中做动词spent 的宾语。
43. They are _________ students that they all performed well in the nationwide examinations.
A. so diligent B. such diligent C. so much diligent D. such very diligent
答案：B so/such that的用法。so+ 形容词（副词）+that…, such+名词+that….两者都表示结果，如此…以至…。
44. The manager of the company sent me a fax saying that he would visit us _________next spring.
A. some time B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times
答案：B短语辨析。sometime:某个时候，可指将来，也可指过去，后面一般要有一个时间范围。本句的意思为：公司的经理给我发来一份传真说他明年春天的某个时候来访。又如：We’ll take our holiday sometime in May.我们将在五月份的某个时候休假。I saw him sometime in August. 我在八月份的某天见过他。因此B正确答案。sometimes (=occasionally) : 有时候。Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. 有时候我们忙， 有时候我们不忙。some time 表示一段时间，可长可短。He stayed in Beijing for some time and then began to move on. 他在北京住了些日子又继续搬迁。some times：好几次。(=several ) I have been in Hong Kong some times.我去过香港好几次。
45. No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or she _________ them.
A. tries B. will try C. are trying D. have tried
答案：A时态。本题是测试考生的时态。在时间和条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来的动作。因此A 是正确答案。又如：“They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams. 他们一考完试就回家过寒假。”
46. I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you_________next month for a dinner.
A. come B. would come C. came D. have come
答案：C虚拟语气。would rather +句子（过去时）（虚拟语气）：I’d rather you didn’t tell anyone what I said.你最好别告诉任何人我所说的话。I’d rather you came with me. 你还是和我一起来吧。
47. Something must have happened on their way here. Or they _________by now.
A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. would have arrived D. would arrive
答案：C虚拟语气。第一句是must+have +过去分词的结构，表示对过去事实的推测。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.路是湿的，昨晚上肯定下雨了。因此我们可以推断：这是一个和过去的事实相反的虚拟语气。should +have +过去分词的结构，表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如：You should have gone over your lessons.你应当把功课复习好的。但是此句只是一个表示和过去的事实相反的虚拟句子，并没有责备的意思。本句的意思是：“路上肯定出事了。否则，他们现在已经到了。”因此正确答案应该是C.
48. The general's command was that the soldiers _________their fort and carry out more important tasks.
A. would leave B. leave C. left D. have left
答案：B虚拟语气。本句测试虚拟语气在表语从句的用法。在suggestion, proposal, request，order 等名词面的表语从句和同位语从句中，用“(should )+动词原形，表示虚拟，should常常省略。又如：My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other groups.我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助其他小组。
49. How the fire in the dancing hall started _________ a mystery.
A. to remain B. remains C. remain D. is remaining
答案：B主谓一致。本句测试的是主谓一致。当主语是主语从句的时候，谓语动词要用单数。又如：“Who is her father is not known.谁是她的父亲尚不得知。”
50. We are going to have our office _________ to make room for a new engineer.
A. to rearrange B. rearrange C. rearranged D. rearranging
答案：C使役动词。过去分词在动词have后面作宾补时， 常常表示这个动作不是由主语完成的， 而是由别人完成的。如：You’d better have the dangerous building pulled down.你最好叫别人把这座危楼推倒了。He had some pictures taken in the park. 他在公园里照了几张像。因此C 是正确答案。
51. The boy has performed excellently _________ he was bit nervous.
A. in that B. except that C. for that D. except for
答案：B短语辨析。except that ：后面接宾语从句。that 在从句中只起连接作用。如：She knew nothing about his journey except that he was likely to be away for three months. 关于他的旅行她不清楚，只知道他大概要离开三个月。(that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用) 因此B为正确答案。except for : （介词短语）除了…，We had a very pleasant time, except for the weather.除了天公不作美，我们过的很愉快。in that:（书）既然，因为。Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes. 批评与自我批评是必要的，因为能帮助我们改正错误。for that ：相当于for,并列连词，表示理由，很少用。
52. All my neighbors tried to help in some way. But they turned out to be actually _________ the way.
A. in B. on C. with D. beyond
答案：A短语辨析。in the way : 挡路，妨碍。If you are not going to help, at least don’t get in the way.如果你不愿帮忙，至少不要妨碍人家。A是正确答案。on the way : 在去…的路上。on the way to the station :在去车站的路上。on the way to school:在上学的路上。C 和D都不和way搭配。
53. You never told me you have seen the film,_________?
A. had you B. didn't you C. did you D. weren't you
答案：C反意疑问句。本句测试反意疑问句的用法。如果陈述部分含有表示否定意思的词，如：never, seldom, hardly, little , 疑问部分须用肯定式。故选择C。He never watches TV, does he ?他从不看电视,是吗？
54, No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it_________.
A. had taken place B. was taken place C. took place D. was taking place
答案：C固定句型。It is …time since +从句（谓语动词用过去时），故选C。It is many years since World War Two was over.自从二次大战结束以来已经很多年了。
55. Not until most of the people had left the airport _________his sister was there.
A. that he saw B. had he seen C. did he see D. that he had seen
答案：C倒装。not until 放在句首，句子倒装。Not until he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.李明做完作业后才看电视。
56. We all feel sorry for __________for so long after your arrival.
A. keep you waiting B. having kept you waiting C. waiting for you D. keep you wait
答案：B使役动词。介词后面要跟动名词做宾语，当动名词的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生时，要用动名词的完成式。Thank you for having helped me so much.感谢你给了我这么多的帮助。
57. No sooner had they got the goods covered up __________it started raining hard.
A. when B. than C. then D. after
答案：B固定搭配。no sooner…..than…一…就…；hardly…when…一…;就…；scarcely…when…一…就…。No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下，电话铃就响了。Scarcely had the baby cried when the nurse rushed to carry him. 婴儿一哭保姆就赶快去抱他。本句的意思是：“他们刚把货物盖好，就开始下雨了。”
58. The manager has his employees __________a business report every week.
A. to write B. written C. writing D. write
答案：D使役动词。have sb do sth, 让某人做某事。故选D。又如：The teacher has his students write a composition every other week.老师让同学们每隔一周写一篇作文。
59. Written applications should be sent to us in case __________ some problems with the electric version.
A. there will be B. there is C. there be D. there was
答案：C虚拟语气。in case 引导的从句要用虚拟语气，should +原形动词，should 可以省略。
60. At that time, the poor girl can't but ______all her belongings at a low price.
A. to sell B. sell C. selling D. sold
答案：B固定用法。cannot but 后接原形动词。思是：不得不，不能不。He cannot but agree.他不得不同意。When your country calls you for help, you cannot but go.当祖国要求你出力的时候，你必然会去的。
Part Ⅲ ldentification
61. [At] no time and under no circumstances [China will] be
A B
[the first][to use] nuclear weapons.
C D
答案 B 倒装。at no time放在句首，句子要倒装。因此应改为will China。
62. Neither John [and] his father was able [to wake up] [early enough]
A B C
[to catch] the morning train.
D
答案：A固定搭配。neither…nor….既不…也不….。 因此A应改为nor.
63. The development of industry has [also] brought [about] large
A B
numbers of problems [which] have [to solve].
C D
答案：D被动。应改为：to be solved，因为solve 和它的逻辑主语之间是动宾关系。如：Everyone likes the hero to be praised.每个人都喜欢这位英雄被表扬。Nothing is allowed to be taken out of the building.任何东西都不能拿出这座大楼。
64. [As] time [went on], he suffered [such heavy] losses that he was
A B C
forced [giving up] his business.
D
答案：D动词的用法。应改为to give up。 be forced to do sth: 被迫做…..,要接不定式。
65. Mary found it [difficult] to talk [calmly] about [which] she had
A B C
[experienced] at the station.
D
答案：C关联词。应改为：what。what 引导宾语从句在句中做介词about 的宾语。
66. Some people find swimming [more enjoyable] than [to sit] [at] home
A B C
[reading].
D
答案：B并列结构。应改为sitting。sitting 和前面的swimming 并列，前后结构要一致。
67. The law [I am referring to] requires that everyone [who] [owns] a
A B C
car [has] accident insurance.
D
答案：D虚拟语气。应改为 have。 suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command, require等动词引导宾语从句时， 要用虚拟语气，谓语动词要should (可以省略)+原形动词。They requested that the students (should) learn the second language.他们要求学生要学第二外语。
68. The responsibility [of the manager] in [such a large] international
A B
enterprise is [far] greater than [his typist].
C D
答案：D并列结构。应改为：that of his typist.
69. The course world [have been offered] this term. But is [cancelled]
A B
because too few students [had registered] before registration [closed].
C D
答案：B被动。应改为；was cancelled , 被动语态，因为cancel 是及物动词，而后面没有跟宾语，所以应考虑是被动语态。
70. In the days when coal was so [widely] used, [no one] realized how
A B
soon and how [complete] oil would replace[it].
C D
答案：C副词。应改为completely。how 要修饰副词。soon 和completely 并列。
Part IV Ctoze
Can you imagine how you would feel if you fell dangerously ill and could not reach or call a doctor? Millions of people 71 the world are in this unfortunate 72 , living in distant places 73 there are no railways, no proper roads and no telephones. Thousands of 74 are lost every year 75 could have been saved if medical attention 76 in time.
77today help could be brought quickly and easily 78 many of these people 79 full advantage was taken 80 the aero-plane. 81 country has proved this 82 than Australia. The Australians 83 greater use of the aero-plane than any 84 people in the world. In no other country 85 the total number of miles flown by the 86 person so high. In fact, it has been 87 that Australians jump into planes 88 people in other countries jump into trains and buses. It is not surprising, 89 , that Australia should have been the first country 90 a Flying Doctor Service.
71. A. on B. through C. all over D. within
答案：C固定搭配。全世界的表达方式是all over the world。
72. A. society B. world C. way D. position
答案：D词义辨析。成千上万的人都在这不幸的处境中，position ；处境，状况。That is difficult for a person in my position.那样做对于处在我这种地位的人来说是困难的。We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.我们目前的处境使我们可能损失一大笔钱。因此只有C的意思最合适。
73. A. where B. because C. although D. which
答案：A关联词。where在定语从句中做状语。
74. A. people B. children C. families D. lives
答案：D词义辨析。从上下文的意思看是“成千上万的人的生命”。
75. A. when B. in which C. which D. they
答案：C关联词。从语法结构看，这里需要一个定语从句。which 在从句中做主语。
76. A. had been provided B. had been paid more C. was given D. was provided
答案：A词义辨析。attention 此处的意思是“考虑，关心，照料”，不是“注意，专心的意思，因此不用短语：pay attention to 或give attention to。而且此句是虚拟语气，表示和过去的事实相反，因此选A。
77. A. Even B. But C. Finally D. So
答案：B关联词。从上下文的意思来， 是转折的意思，因此用but。
78. A. from B. with C. in D. to
答案：D介词。本句的意思是“如果我们能充分利用飞机的优势的话，这种医疗援助就能更快、更容易带给这些人。”因此用介词to，表示给予。
79. A. but B. if only C. and D. unless
答案：B关联词。根据上下文的意思，only if：只有。符合逻辑关系。
80. A. of B. from C. about D. on
答案：A固定搭配. take full advantage of：充分利用。
81. A. One B. Any C. Not D. No
答案：D否定。根据句子的意思，要在名词country的前面加否定词。not一般放在助动词的后面，no一般放在名词的前面表示否定。
82. A. better B. worse C. more D. less
答案：A比较级。“没有一个国家在这方面比澳大利亚做的更好。”其余的意思均不正确。
83. A. made B. did C. were making D. make
答案：D固定用法。make use of；充分利用。叙述一般的事实：“澳大利亚人比世界上任何国家的人都能充分利用飞机。”
84. A. of B. else C. other D. Japanese
答案：C习惯用法。than any other people in the world：表示比世界上其余的任何人。比较级+than +any other+单数名词：表示“比其他的任何…都…This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.他在班里，比任何一个别的学生都好。This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.在这个店里， 这只表比其他任何一个别的表都贵。
85. A. of B. in C. are D. is
答案：D主谓一致。主语为表示距离、时间、长度、价值、金额、重量等名词复数时，谓语动词用单数3 kilometers is not very far. 三公里不算远。Two hours is enough.两个小时足够了。
86. A. living B. average C. brave D. medical
答案：B词义辨析。根据上下表示的意思是average person。本句为倒装句。
87. A. suggested B. estimated C. worked out D. said
答案：D固定搭配。it has been said ：据说。本句的意思是：“据说澳大利亚人上飞机就像其他国家的人坐火车和公共汽车一样。”
88. A. when B. while C. as D. but
答案：C关联词。as：如同…引导方式状语从句。She speaks English as the Englishmen do.她说起英语来就像英国人说英语一样。
89. A. therefore B. in a way C. perhaps D. accordingly
答案：A词义辨析。therefore, 连词，表示结果。
90. A. of B. to develop C. made up D. into
答案：B词义辨析。develop：开发，发展。“因此澳大利亚率先实行空中医生服务，是不会让人吃惊的。
