52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in both，the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to present a picture of the facts，while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.

　　53. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP)because it is not such a complete index of welfare，ignoring，on the one hand，that it was never intended to be，and suggesting，on the other， that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.

　　54. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size，number，arrangement，and interconnection of the nerve cells，but as far as psychoneuaral correlations were concerned，the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.

　　55. The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructing them in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping to predict earthquakes.

　　56. Supporters of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack，but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening.

　　57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers，whose flights are within the Earth's atmosphere，from hitting their targets.

　　58. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks，Hispanics，and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.

　　59. During the nineteenth century，she argues，the concept of the "useful" child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present day notion of the "useless" child who，though producing no income for， and indeed extremely costly to its parents，is yet considered emotionally " priceless".

　　60. Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800's，this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption that a child's emotional value made child labor taboo.

　　答案

　　51、即使是学术界被长时间认作必须"同盟卡"的博士学位，现在也因为仅仅为了学习本身和知识的累积而学习，却不把知识应用到教授的教学职责中去而受到了严厉的批评。

　　52、尽管收集必要的信息对于两者来说都是需要的，但官员必须以中立和清晰的态度来提供事实的画面，而艺术家从已设字的信息或者态度开始，并将其过用激发读者共鸣和情绪反应的词语描写的动用细节描述出来。

　　53、流行期刊中甚至有文章批评国民生产总值，因为它并不是一个福利目录，一方面忽视了它从来就没有这种倾向，另一方面的建议是通过正确的改变它才能被转化过来。